Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/grāwā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *greutą (“grit”), Old Armenian կորկոտ (korkot, “groats of wheat”), Lithuanian grū́das (“grain”), Latvian grauds (“grain”), Russian гру́да (grúda, “heap”).

Noun

*grāwā f

1. gravel, pebbles

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*grāwā	*grāwai	*grāwās
vocative	*grāwā	*grāwai	*grāwās
accusative	*grāwam	*grāwai	*grāwāms
genitive	*grāwās	*grāwous	*grāwom
dative	*grāwāi	*grāwābom	*grāwābos
locative	*grāwai	*?	*?
instrumental	*?	*grāwābim	*grāwābis

Descendants

• Brythonic: *grọw
  • Middle Breton: grouanenn
    • Breton: groa, gro, grouan
      • → English: growan
  • Old Cornish: grou
    • Cornish: grow
  • Welsh: gro
• Gaulish: *grawa, *growa
  • → Old French: groe
    • Middle French: groe
  • → Medieval Latin: grava
    • Old French: greve, grave
      • Middle French: grave
        • French: grave
          • → Norwegian Bokmål: grave
      • ⇒ Old French: gravele
        • Middle French: gravelle, gravele
        • → Middle English: grauel
          • English: gravel