Wiktionary

grave

See also: Grave, gravé, gravë, and -grave

English

edit
 grave on Wikipedia

Pronunciation

edit
  • enPR: grāv, IPA(key): /ɡɹeɪv/
    • Audio (US):(file)
    • Rhymes: -eɪv
  • (accent, also): IPA(key): /ɡɹɑːv/

Etymology 1

edit

From Middle English grave, grafe, from Old English græf, grafu (“cave, grave, trench”), from Proto-West Germanic *grab, from Proto-Germanic *grabą, *grabō (“grave, trench, ditch”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with West Frisian grêf (“grave”), Dutch graf (“grave”), Low German Graf (“a grave”), Graff, German Grab (“grave”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian grav (“grave”), Icelandic gröf (“grave”). Related to groove.

Noun

edit
 
A freshly dug grave

grave (countable and uncountable, plural graves)

  1. (strictly) An excavation in the earth as a place of burial.
    Synonyms: plot; see also Thesaurus:grave
  2. (broadly) Any place of interment; a tomb; a sepulcher.
  3. (very broadly) Any place containing one or more corpses.
  4. (uncountable, by extension) Death, destruction.
  5. (by extension, uncountable) Deceased people; the dead.
    • 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:
      "Hold your jaw, woman! I've had enough to vex me to-day without you startin' your tantrums. You're jealous of the grave. That's wot's the matter with you." "And her brats can insult me as they like - me that 'as cared for you these five years."
Derived terms
edit
edit
Descendants
edit
  • Sranan Tongo: grebi
Translations
edit
See also
edit

Etymology 2

edit

From Middle English graven, from Old English grafan (“to dig, dig up, grave, engrave, carve, chisel”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with Dutch graven (“to dig”), German graben (“to dig”), Danish grave (“to dig”), Swedish gräva (“to dig”), Icelandic grafa (“to dig”).

Verb

edit

grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past graved, past participle graved or graven)

  1. (transitive, obsolete) To dig.
  2. (intransitive, obsolete) To carve or cut, as letters or figures, on some hard substance; to engrave.
  3. (transitive, obsolete) To carve out or give shape to, by cutting with a chisel; to sculpture.
    to grave an image
  4. (intransitive, obsolete) To impress deeply (on the mind); to fix indelibly.
    • 1718, Mat[thew] Prior, “Solomon on the Vanity of the World. A Poem in Three Books.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], and John Barber […], →OCLC, (please specify the page):
      O! may they graven in thy heart remain.
  5. (transitive, obsolete) To entomb; to bury.
  6. (intransitive, obsolete) To write or delineate on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice engraving.
edit
Translations
edit

Etymology 3

edit

From Middle French grave, a learned borrowing from Latin gravis (“heavy, important”). Compare Old French greve (“terrible, dreadful”). Doublet of grief.

Adjective

edit

grave (comparative graver, superlative gravest)

  1. Characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness; not cheerful. [from 16th c.]
    Synonyms: sober, solemn, sombre, sedate, serious, staid
  2. Low in pitch, tone etc. [from 17th c.]
    Antonym: acute
    • 1854, John Weeks Moore, Encyclopedia of Music:
      The thicker the cord or string, the more grave is the note or tone.
  3. Serious, in a negative sense; important, formidable. [from 19th c.]
    Synonyms: serious, momentous, important
    • 2016 February 6, James Zogby, “Israel’s prickliness blocks the long quest for peace”, in The National‎[3]:
      Israel’s behaviour is doing grave damage to the Palestinian people and to any hope for peace.
    • 2017, Vladimir Shlapentokh, A Normal Totalitarian Society, page 80:
      Khrushchev made a grave miscalculation when he failed to appreciate the growing opposition to his power and overestimated the support of his bureaucracy.
  4. (phonology, dated, of a sound) Dull, produced in the middle or back of the mouth. (See   Grave and acute on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
    Coordinate term: acute
  5. (obsolete) Influential, important; authoritative. [16th–18th c.]
    • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 7:
      An illiterate fool sits in a mans seat; and the common people hold him learned, grave, and wise.
Synonyms
edit
The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
Derived terms
edit
Translations
edit

Noun

edit

grave (plural graves)

  1. A grave accent.
Translations
edit

Etymology 4

edit

Inherited from Middle English greyve. Doublet of graaf (borrowed from the Dutch cognate graaf (“count, earl”)) and graf (borrowed from the German cognate Graf (“count, earl”)).

Noun

edit

grave (plural graves)

  1. (historical) A count, prefect, or person holding office.
edit

Etymology 5

edit

Verb

edit

grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past and past participle graved)

  1. (transitive, obsolete, nautical) To clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it over with pitch — so called because graves or greaves was formerly used for this purpose.
edit

Anagrams

edit

Danish

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ɡraːvə/, [ˈɡ̊ʁɑːvə]

Etymology 1

edit

From Italian grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave”).

Adverb

edit

grave

  1. (music) grave (low in pitch, tone etc.)
  2. accent grave – accent grave, grave accent

Etymology 2

edit

From Old Norse grafa (“to dig, bury”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

edit

grave (imperative grav, infinitive at grave, present tense graver, past tense gravede, perfect tense har gravet)

  1. dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way)
Derived terms
edit
digging

Etymology 3

edit

See grav (“grave, tomb, pit”).

Noun

edit

grave c

  1. indefinite plural of grav

Dutch

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

grave

  1. (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of graven

Anagrams

edit

Esperanto

edit

Adverb

edit

grave

  1. seriously, gravely

French

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Middle French grave, borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of grief.

Adjective

edit

grave (plural graves)

  1. serious
  2. solemn
  3. low-pitched
    Antonym: aigu
  4. (phonetics) back
Derived terms
edit
edit
Descendants
edit
  • → Norwegian Bokmål: grave

Adverb

edit

grave

  1. (informal, slang) much; a lot
    Je te kiffe grave !
    I love you like crazy!

Etymology 2

edit

Verb

edit

grave

  1. inflection of graver:
    1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

edit

Anagrams

edit

Italian

edit

Etymology

edit

Borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of greve.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈɡra.ve/
  • Rhymes: -ave
  • Hyphenation: grà‧ve

Adjective

edit

grave (plural gravi, superlative gravissimo)

  1. grave, serious
    un grave problema
    a serious problem
  2. heavy
  3. solemn
  4. (music) low-pitched, low-pitch

Synonyms

edit

Antonyms

edit
edit

Descendants

edit

Anagrams

edit

Latin

edit

Adjective

edit

grave

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of gravis

References

edit
  • "grave", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • grave in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • "grave", in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎[4]

Middle English

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From the dative of Old English græf, from Proto-West Germanic *grab, from Proto-Germanic *grabą.

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈɡraːv(ə)/, /ˈɡrav(ə)/, /ˈɡraf/

Noun

edit

grave (plural graves)

  1. grave, burial
  2. tomb, mausoleum
Derived terms
edit
Descendants
edit
References
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈɡraːvɛi̯/, /ˈɡraːveː/

Noun

edit

grave (plural graves)

  1. Alternative form of gravey

Etymology 3

edit

Noun

edit

grave

  1. (Late Middle English) Alternative form of greyve

Etymology 4

edit

Noun

edit

grave

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of grove

Etymology 5

edit

Verb

edit

grave

  1. Alternative form of graven

Middle French

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old French grave.

Noun

edit

grave f (plural graves)

  1. gravel

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (grave)

Middle High German

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Old High German grāfo, grāvo, grāfio, grāvio (“count, local judge”).

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈɡraːvə/, /ˈɡraːfə/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

edit

grāve m

  1. count, local judge

Declension

edit
Declension of grāve (masculine, weak)
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein dër grāve die grāven
genitive eines dës grāven dër grāven
dative eime dëm grāven dën grāven
accusative einen dën grāven die grāven

Derived terms

edit

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  • “grâve” Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Wilhelm Müller, and Friedrich Zarncke. Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke. Vol. 1. S. Hirzel, 1863.

Norwegian Bokmål

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Norse grafa, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

edit

grave (imperative grav, present tense graver, passive graves, simple past gravde or grov, past participle gravd, present participle gravende)

  1. to dig
    grave ut ― to excavate

Etymology 2

edit

From French grave (“serious, low-pitched; back”), from Middle French grave, from Old French grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave, serious”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us (“heavy”), from *gʷreh₂- (“heavy”) + *-us (forms adjectives).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

grave m (definite singular graven, indefinite plural graver, definite plural gravene)

  1. Only used in accent grave (“grave accent”)

References

edit

Norwegian Nynorsk

edit

Verb

edit

grave (present tense grev, past tense grov, past participle grave, passive infinitive gravast, present participle gravande, imperative grav)

  1. Alternative form of grava

Derived terms

edit

Old French

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

Medieval Latin grava, from Gaulish *grawa, *growa, from Proto-Celtic *grāwā, related to Cornish grow (“gravel”), Breton grouan, and Welsh gro (“gravel”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr-eu-d-.

Noun

edit

grave oblique singular, f (oblique plural graves, nominative singular grave, nominative plural graves)

  1. gravel

Descendants

edit

References

edit
  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (grave)

Portuguese

edit

Pronunciation

edit
 
 

  • Rhymes: (Brazil) -avi, (Portugal) -avɨ
  • Hyphenation: gra‧ve

Etymology 1

edit

From Old Galician-Portuguese grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy; grave”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us.

Adjective

edit

grave m or f (plural graves, comparable, comparative mais grave, superlative o mais grave or gravíssimo)

  2. serious; grave (having possible severe negative consequences)
    Synonyms: sério, severo
    Sofria de uma doença grave.
    He suffered from a serious disease.
  4. (of sound) low-pitched; grave (low in pitch or tone)
    Synonym: baixo
    Antonym: agudo
    O som da tuba é mais grave do que o do trombone.
    The sound of the tuba has a lower pitch than that of the trombone.
  6. grave; serious; sombre; austere; solemn (characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness)
    Synonyms: sério, austero, circunspecto, sisudo, solene
    O programa tinha um tom grave.
    The program had a serious tone.
  8. (physics) that falls down; that doesn’t float
    O balão não é um corpo grave.
    Balloons are not a falling body.
Derived terms
edit

Noun

edit

grave m (plural graves)

  1. (music) a low-pitched note
  2. (physics) a body that falls down

Etymology 2

edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

edit

grave

  1. inflection of gravar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian

edit

Etymology

edit

Unadapted borrowing from Italian grave.

Adjective

edit

grave

  1. inflection of grav:
    1. genitive/dative feminine singular/plural
    2. nominative/accusative neuter plural

Adverb

edit

grave

  1. grave

Spanish

edit
 
Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Old Spanish grave, from Latin gravis. Cf. also the attested Old Spanish form grieve, from Early Medieval Latin grevis, which was more common in other Romance-speaking areas.[1]

Adjective

edit

grave m or f (masculine and feminine plural graves, superlative gravísimo)

  1. serious, grave
    Synonym: serio
  2. bass (sound)
    Synonym: bajo
    Antonym: agudo
  3. solemn
    Synonym: solemne
  4. (phonetics) paroxytone; stressed in the penultimate syllable
    Synonym: llano
    Coordinate terms: agudo, esdrújulo, sobresdrújulo
Derived terms
edit
edit
Descendants
edit

Etymology 2

edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

edit

grave

  1. inflection of gravar:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Further reading

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Gredos

Anagrams

edit

Swedish

edit

Adjective

edit

grave

  1. definite natural masculine singular of grav

Anagrams

edit

West Frisian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Old Frisian grava, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.

Pronunciation

edit

Verb

edit

grave

  1. to dig

Inflection

edit
Strong class 6
infinitive grave
3rd singular past groef
past participle groeven
infinitive grave
long infinitive graven
gerund graven n
auxiliary hawwe
indicative present tense past tense
1st singular graaf groef
2nd singular graafst groefst
3rd singular graaft groef
plural grave groeven
imperative graaf
participles gravend groeven

Further reading

edit
  • “grave”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=grave&oldid=82505010"