Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kapja
Proto-Finnic
editEtymology
editFrom earlier *kapaja, the root *kapa- is borrowed from pre-Germanic *kāpas or early Proto-Germanic *hāfaz (later *hōfaz), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós. The same root appears in Proto-Samic *kuopērē (“reindeer hoof”) (earlier *kapara), but with a different suffix.
Noun
edit*kapja[1]
Inflection
editInflection of *kapja
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *kapja | *kapjat | |
accusative | *kapjan | *kapjat | |
genitive | *kapjan | *kapjadën *kapjoidën | |
partitive | *kapjada | *kapjoida | |
inessive | *kapjassa *kapjahna |
*kapjoissa *kapjoihna | |
elative | *kapjasta | *kapjoista | |
illative | *kapjahën | *kapjoihën | |
adessive | *kapjalla | *kapjoilla | |
ablative | *kapjalta | *kapjoilta | |
allative | *kapjalën *kapjalëk |
*kapjoilën *kapjoilëk | |
essive | *kapjana | *kapjoina | |
translative | *kapjaksi | *kapjoiksi | |
instructive | *kapjan | *kapjoin | |
comitative | *kapjanëk | *kapjoinëk | |
abessive | *kapjatta | *kapjoitta |
Descendants
edit- Estonian: kabi
- Finnish: kavio, (dialectal) kapio, kapia
- Ingrian: kapja
- Karelian: kapie, kabia
- Livonian: käbā
- Livvi: kabju
- Ludian: kabď, kabju, kabje
- Veps: kabj
- Võro: kabi
- Votic: kabjõ
References
edit- “kabi”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012