Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kohma

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown.

Noun

*kohma

1. thin layer of ice
2. stiffness caused by cold

Inflection

Inflection of *kohma

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kohma	*kohmat
accusative		*kohman	*kohmat
genitive		*kohman	*kohmadën *kohmëidën
partitive		*kohmada	*kohmëida
inessive		*kohmassa *kohmahna	*kohmëissa *kohmëihna
elative		*kohmasta	*kohmëista
illative		*kohmahën	*kohmëihën
adessive		*kohmalla	*kohmëilla
ablative		*kohmalta	*kohmëilta
allative		*kohmalën *kohmalëk	*kohmëilën *kohmëilëk
essive		*kohmana	*kohmëina
translative		*kohmaksi	*kohmëiksi
instructive		*kohman	*kohmëin
comitative		*kohmanëk	*kohmëinëk
abessive		*kohmatta	*kohmëitta

Descendants

• Estonian: (dialectal) kohm, ⇒ kohme
• Finnish: (dialectal) kohma, ⇒ kohme
• Ingrian: ⇒ kohme
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: kohma- (in kohmašša)
  • South Karelian: kohma- (in kohmas)
• Livvi: kohma- (in kohmas)
• Võro: ⇒ kohma
• Votic: kohmõ

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kohma”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN