Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tappadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Uralic *tappa-.
Verb
edit- to kill, to slay
- Synonym: *surmat'ak
- to thresh
Inflection
editInflection of *tappadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *tap'an | *tap'oin | — | *tappagon |
| 2nd sing. | *tap'at | *tap'oit | *tap'ak | *tappagos |
| 3rd sing. | *tappabi *tappa |
*tappoi | *tappagasën | *tappagosën |
| 1st plur. | *tap'akmëk *tap'akmak |
*tappoimëk *tappoimak |
*tappagatëmëk *tappagatamak |
*tappagotëmëk *tappagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *tap'aktëk *tap'aktak |
*tappoidëk *tappoidak |
*tappagatë *tappagata |
*tappagot'ëk *tappagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *tappabat *tappa |
*tappoi | *tappagasën | *tappagosën |
| passive | *tap'aksën *tap'at'aksën |
*tappadisën *tap'attisën |
*tappadakahën *tap'attakahën |
*tappadakohën *tap'attakohën |
| connegative | *tap'ak | — | *tappagak | *tappagok |
| passive connegative | *tap'aktak | — | *tappadagak *tap'attagak |
*tappadagok *tap'attagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *tap'akcin | *tappoicin | *tappanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *tap'akcit | *tappoicit | *tappanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *tap'akci | *tappoici | *tappani | |
| 1st plur. | *tap'akcimëk *tap'akcimak |
*tappoicimëk *tappoicimak |
*tappanëmëk *tappanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *tap'akcidëk *tap'akcidak |
*tappoicidëk *tappoicidak |
*tappanëdëk *tappanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *tap'akci | *tappoici | *tappani | |
| passive | *tappadakcihën *tap'at'akcihën |
*tappadicihën *tap'atticihën |
*tappadanëhën *tap'attanëhën | |
| connegative | *tap'akcik | *tappoicik | *tappanëk | |
| passive connegative | *tappadakcik *tap'at'akcik |
*tappadicik *tap'atticik |
*tappadanëk *tap'attanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *tappadak | present | *tappaba | *tappadapa *tap'attapa |
| infinitive 2 | *tappadë- | past | *tappanut | *tappadu *tap'attu |
| gerund/supine | *tappama | |||
| action noun | *tappaminen | |||
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Estonian: tapma/tappa
- Finnish: tappaa
- Ingrian: tappaa
- Karelian: tappoa
- Livonian: tappõ, (Salaca) tapp
- Livvi: tappua
- Ludian: tappada
- Veps: tapta
- Võro: tapma/tappaq
- Votic: tappa
References
editFurther reading
edit- “tapma”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012