Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ferþuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pértus, equivalent to *feraną (“to cross”) +‎ *-þuz. The oblique stem *pr̥téw- gave rise to *furduz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸer.θuz/

Noun

*ferþuz m

1. inlet, fjord

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *ferþuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ferþuz	*firþiwiz
vocative	*ferþu	*firþiwiz
accusative	*ferþų	*ferþunz
genitive	*ferþauz	*firþiwǫ̂
dative	*firþiwi	*ferþumaz
instrumental	*ferþū	*ferþumiz

Related terms

• *furduz

Descendants

• Proto-Norse: *ᚠᛖᚱᚦᚢᛉ (*ferþuʀ), *ᚠᛡᛖᚱᚦᚢᛦ (*fᴀerþuʀ /⁠fearþuʀ⁠/)
  • Old Norse: fjǫrðr
    • Icelandic: fjörður
    • Faroese: fjørður
    • Norn: fjord
    • Norwegian: fjord (see there for further descendants)
    • Old Swedish: fiorþer, fiordher
      • Swedish: fjord
      • ⇒ Old Swedish: fiærdher
        • Swedish: fjärd, (dialectal) fjäl
    • Old Danish: fiorth
      • Danish: fjord
    • → Middle English: fyrth
      • Scots: firth
        • → English: firth
    • Gutnish: fjäd