Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harugaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂k- (“fenced or enclosed area”), from *ḱerh₂-, from which also *hurną (“horn”). Cognate with Latin carcer (“fence; prison”), Irish carn (“heap of stones”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑ.ru.ɣɑz/

Noun

*harugaz m

1. Sanctuary; halidom; grove.
2. Pile of stones; (heathen) altar.

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *harugaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*harugaz	*harugōz, *harugōs
vocative	*harug	*harugōz, *harugōs
accusative	*harugą	*haruganz
genitive	*harugas, *harugis	*harugǫ̂
dative	*harugai	*harugamaz
instrumental	*harugō	*harugamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *harug
  • Old English: hearg; hearga
    • Middle English: harogh (byform of Middle English halwe)
    • Middle English: Harwe, Harrough (various placenames)
      • English: Harrow (in place names)
  • Old Saxon: harug
  • Old High German: harug, haruc, haruch
  • → Latin: haraho (Ripuarian Laws)
• Old Norse: hǫrgr
  • Icelandic: hörgur m
  • Faroese: hørgur m
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: horg m
  • Norwegian Bokmål: horg m
  • Old Swedish: hargher m
    • Swedish: harg c, horg c, horv c
  • Danish: harg c, hørg c

References

• haruga in: Wörterbuch der Indogermanischen Sprachen: Dritter Teil: Wortschatz der Germanischen Spracheinheit (Dictionary of the Indo-European Languages: Third Part: Vocabulary of the Germanic Language Unity) by August Fick with contributions by Hjalmar Falk, entirely revised by Alf Torp in 1909.