Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/ehmi
Proto-Hellenic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésmi.[1]
Verb
edit*ehmi[2]
- to be
Inflection
editPresent forms of *ehmi
Active | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | *éhmenai | ||||||||||
participle | *ehónts | ||||||||||
singular | dual | plural | |||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *ehmí | *ehí | *estí | *eswén? | *estón | *estón | *esmén | *esté | *ehénti | ||
subjunctive | *éhō | *éhēhi | *éhēti | *éhōwen? | *éhēton | *éhēton | *éhōmen | *éhēte | *éhōnti | ||
optative | *éyyēn | *éyyēs | *éyyē | *éyyāwen? | *éyyāton | *éyyā́tān | *éyyāmen | *éyyāte | *éyyen | ||
imperative | - | *ístʰi | *éstō | - | *éston | *éstōn | - | *éste | *éstōn | ||
Middle/Passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | *? | ||||||||||
participle | *? | ||||||||||
singular | dual | plural | |||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
subjunctive | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
optative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
imperative | - | *? | *? | - | *? | *? | - | *? | *? |
Imperfect forms of *ehmi
Active | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *ḗhə | *ḗstʰa | *ḗhe | *ḗston | *ḗstān | *ḗhmen | *ḗhte | *ḗsən | ||
Middle/Passive | ||||||||||
singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
d1mind=ehsówostʰa d1mo=ehsóiwetʰaPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Future forms of *ehmi
Active | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | *? | |||||||||
participle | *? | |||||||||
singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
optative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
Middle | ||||||||||
infinitive | *éhsestʰai | |||||||||
participle | *ehsómenos | |||||||||
singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *éhsomai | *éhsehai | *éhsetoi | *éhsestʰes | *éhsesthes | *ehsómostʰa | *ésestʰe | *éhsontoi | ||
optative | *éhsoimān | *éhsoiho | *éhsoito | *éhsoistʰes | *éhsoistʰes | *esóimetʰa | *éhsoistʰe | *ehsóyanto | ||
Passive | ||||||||||
infinitive | *? | |||||||||
participle | *? | |||||||||
singular | dual | plural | ||||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
indicative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | ||
optative | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “εἰμί”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 389
- ^ Andrew L. Sihler (1995) “Part VI: Conjugation”, in New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, 1st edition, New York, N.Y., Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 1995, →ISBN, pages 461, 462, 514