Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵh₂lōws

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly from *ǵh₂l- (“to nourish”); compare Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”), Hittite [script needed] (galak-, “to soothe”). According to Mallory and Adams (1997), some forms may be influenced by association with unrelated *gl̥h₁éys (“mouse”). Has sometimes been compared with Proto-Turkic *kẹlin and/or Proto-Uralic *kälew.

Alternative reconstructions

• *ǵl̥h₃-wos-
• *ǵl̥h₂óws

Noun

*ǵh₂lōws f

1. sister-in-law (brother's wife)

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Armenian: *cal > *tal (under influence of տայգր (taygr, “brother-in-law”))
  • Old Armenian: տալ (tal)
• Proto-Germanic: *klūz
• Proto-Hellenic: *galawos
  • Ancient Greek:
    • Aeolic: γάλοως (gáloōs)
    • Attic: γάλως (gálōs)
    • Hesychius: γαλίς (galís)
    • Hesychius: γάλαος (gálaos)
  • Phrygian: *γελαϝος (*gelawos) > γελαρος (gelaros)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gr̥Háyš
  • Sanskrit: गिरि (giri, “brother's wife”)
• Proto-Italic: *glōs
  • Latin: glōs
• Proto-Slavic: *zъly (see there for further descendants)

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 551
• γάλως in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
• “käli”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 521
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*gẹlin”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “золо́вка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress