Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)kʷálos
Proto-Indo-European
editEtymology
editSometimes compared with Proto-Uralic *kala, as well as to Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to turn”).[1]
Noun
edit*(s)kʷálos m[2]
Inflection
editThematic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *(s)kʷálos | ||
genitive | *(s)kʷálosyo | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *(s)kʷálos | *(s)kʷáloh₁ | *(s)kʷáloes |
vocative | *(s)kʷále | *(s)kʷáloh₁ | *(s)kʷáloes |
accusative | *(s)kʷálom | *(s)kʷáloh₁ | *(s)kʷáloms |
genitive | *(s)kʷálosyo | *? | *(s)kʷáloHom |
ablative | *(s)kʷálead | *? | *(s)kʷálomos, *(s)kʷálobʰos |
dative | *(s)kʷáloey | *? | *(s)kʷálomos, *(s)kʷálobʰos |
locative | *(s)kʷáley, *(s)kʷáloy | *? | *(s)kʷáloysu |
instrumental | *(s)kʷáloh₁ | *? | *(s)kʷálōys |
Descendants
edit- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Old Prussian: kalis (“sheatfish”)
- Proto-Germanic: *hwalaz (“whale”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ἄσπαλος (áspalos, “fish”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *(s)káras
- Proto-Italic:
- Latin: squalus (“shark”) (see there for further descendants)
References
edit- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hwali-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 262
- ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 147