Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷḗn

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From a root *gʷen- + *-h₂-.

Noun

*gʷḗn f (oblique stem *gʷnéh₂-)

1. woman

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*gʷénh₂s
genitive	*gʷnéh₂s
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʷénh₂s	*gʷénh₂h₁(e)	*gʷénh₂es
vocative	*gʷḗn	*gʷénh₂h₁(e)	*gʷénh₂es
accusative	*gʷénh₂m̥	*gʷénh₂h₁(e)	*gʷénh₂m̥s
genitive	*gʷnéh₂s	*?	*gʷnéh₂oHom
ablative	*gʷnéh₂s	*?	*gʷnéh₂mos
dative	*gʷnéh₂ey	*?	*gʷnéh₂mos
locative	*gʷnéh₂, *gʷnéh₂i	*?	*gʷnéh₂su
instrumental	*gʷnéh₂h₁	*?	*gʷnéh₂bʰi

Descendants

• Anatolian:
  • Luwian: 𒉿𒈾𒀜𒋾𒅖 (wanattis)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: կին (kin)
    • Armenian: կին (kin)
• Balto-Slavic: *génāˀ (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Prussian: genno (vocative singular)
  • Slavic: *žena (see there for further descendants)
• Celtic: *ben (archaic form)
  • Old Irish: bé
• Celtic: *benā (re-formation as ā-stem) (see there for further descendants)
• Germanic: *kwenǭ (see there for further descendants), *kwēniz (see there for further descendants)
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek γυνή (gunḗ)
  • Mycenaean Greek: 𐀓𐀙𐀊 (ku-na-ja)
• Indo-Iranian: *ǰánHs, *gnáHs (see there for further descendants)
• Phrygian: κναικα (knaika)
• Tocharian:
  • Tocharian A: śäṃ
  • Tocharian B: śana