Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂elut-
Proto-Indo-European
editReconstruction
editReflex of initial laryngeal can be seen in Proto-Finnic *kalja.
Etymology
editAccording to some the original meaning was "a bitter drink" and is related to Latin alūmen (“alum”) and Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, “bitter, pungent”).[1]
Another theory is that it is connected to Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚢ (alu, “something magical”), and related to Latvian aluot (“be distraught”), Ancient Greek ἀλύω (alúō, “to be distraught”) and Hittite [script needed] (alwanzaḫḫ-, “to bewitch, hex”).[2] EIEC explains the semantic connection as: The notion would be that beer induced a "high" wherein the drinker was infused with a sort of magical power.
The most recent theory is that it is related to Sanskrit अरुष (aruṣá, “reddish”) and Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬱𐬀 (auruša, “bright, white”), from which Proto-Indo-Iranian *Harušás can be reconstructed from the two languages.[3]
Noun
edit*h₂elut-
Inflection
edit(perhaps)
Athematic, acrostatic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *h₂ólut | ||
genitive | *h₂éluts | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *h₂ólut | — | — |
vocative | *h₂ólut | — | — |
accusative | *h₂ólut | — | — |
genitive | *h₂éluts | — | — |
ablative | *h₂éluts | — | — |
dative | *h₂élutey | — | — |
locative | *h₂élut, *h₂éluti | — | — |
instrumental | *h₂éluth₁ | — | — |
Acrostatic inflection would fit the Germanic oblique stem
Descendants
edit- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: աւղի (awłi) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *álu (see there for further descendants)
- →? Proto-Finnic: *olut (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *alu (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Harušás (“reddish”) (possibly)
References
edit- Guus Kroonen (2013) “*aluþ-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 23–4
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 60
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “awɫi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 29, 154
- Abajev, V. I. (1958) “ælūton | ilæton, aluton”, in Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 129
- Notes
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 33–4
- ^ Edgar C. Polomé, “Beer, Runes and Magic”, Journal of Indo-European Studies 24 (1996): 99–105.
- ^ Harald Bjorvand, “The Etymology of English ale”, Journal of Indo-European Studies 35 (2007): 1–8.