Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/keyt-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*keyt-^[1]

to shine, glow
Synonyms: *bʰeh₂-, *bʰleyǵ-, *ḱweyt-

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keyt-‎ (2 c, 0 e)

*kéyt-e-ti (thematic root present)^[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čáytati (merged with descendants of *kʷeyt- (“to notice”))
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćáytati
    - Sanskrit: चेतति (cétati, “to shine, show oneself, stand out”)

*kit-éye-ti (eye-iterative)^[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čitáyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćitáyati
    - Sanskrit: चितयन्ति (citáyanti, “to shine, illuminate”, 3pl.med.)

*ki-kóyt-e ~ *ki-kit-ḗr (i-reduplicated stative)^[1]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čikáyta ~ *čičitā́
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćikáyta ~ *ćićitā́
    - Sanskrit: चिकेत (cíketa, “to shine”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *čikáyta ~ *čičitā́
    - Avestan: 𐬗𐬌𐬐𐬋𐬌𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬱 (cikōitər^əš, “to show oneself”, 3pl.(p)pf.med.)

*kit-rós^[2]^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čitrás (“shiny, visible”) (see there for further descendants)

*kóyt-s ~ *kéyt-s (“brightness”) (or *kóyt-r̥ ~ *kéyt-n̥s^[2])
- ⇒ *koyt-ró-s^[2]^[3]
  - ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *haidraz (“clear, bright”) (or secondary to *haiduz^[4]) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ *koyt-ú-s^[5]^[6]
  - Proto-Germanic: *haiduz (“way, appearance”) (see there for further descendants)
  - Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kaytúš
    - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kaytúṣ
      - Sanskrit: केतु m (ketú, “bright appearance, clearness, brightness”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*kei̯t-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 347
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 83: “*(s)koitrós ~ *kitrós ‘bright, clear’”
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*haidra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200: “*koit-ró-; *kit-ró-”
^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xaiđraz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 151
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “CET²”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 548-549: “*koi̯t-ú- [oder *koi̯-tú-]”
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “cet”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 120: “IE *k⁽ʷ⁾oit-ú- or *k⁽ʷ⁾oi-tú-)”

[LIV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*kei̯t-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 347

[EIEC-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 83: “*(s)koitrós ~ *kitrós ‘bright, clear’”

[EDPG-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*haidra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200: “*koit-ró-; *kit-ró-”

[4] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xaiđraz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 151

[5] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “CET²”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 548-549: “*koi̯t-ú- [oder *koi̯-tú-]”

[6] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “cet”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 120: “IE *k⁽ʷ⁾oit-ú- or *k⁽ʷ⁾oi-tú-)”

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