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shine

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EnglishEdit

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PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English shinen, schinen (preterite schon, past participle schinen), from Old English scīnan ("to shine, flash; be resplendent"; preterite scān, past participle scinen), from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną ‎(“to shine”). Cognate with West Frisian skine, skyne, Low German schienen, Dutch schijnen, German scheinen, Danish skinne, Swedish skina.

In Middle English the most standard forms are[1]:

  • present: shīnen
  • simple past: (singular) shōne, (plural) shīneden
  • past participle: shīned

The form shīned(e) had already appeared as an alternative past singular at this time, although only in Northern English usage. There is no recorded use of shōne as an alternative past participle in Middle English.

VerbEdit

shine ‎(third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shone or shined)

  1. (intransitive) To emit light.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 20, in The China Governess[2]:
      ‘No. I only opened the door a foot and put my head in. The street lamps shine into that room. I could see him. He was all right. Sleeping like a great grampus. Poor, poor chap.’
  2. (intransitive) To reflect light.
  3. (intransitive) To distinguish oneself; to excel.
    • 1867, Frederick William Robinson, No Man's Friend, Harper & Brothers, page 91:
      “ […] I was grateful to you for giving him a year’s schooling—where he shined at it—and for putting him as a clerk in your counting-house, where he shined still more.”
    • 2011 January 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 0 - 0 Man Utd”, in BBC[3]:
      It prompted an exchange of substitutions as Jermain Defoe replaced Palacios and Javier Hernandez came on for Berbatov, who had failed to shine against his former club.
    My nephew tried other sports before deciding on football, which he shone at right away, quickly becoming the star of his school team.‎
  4. (intransitive) To be effulgent in splendour or beauty.
    • Spenser
      So proud she shined in her princely state.
    • Alexander Pope
      Once brightest shined this child of heat and air.
  5. (intransitive) To be eminent, conspicuous, or distinguished; to exhibit brilliant intellectual powers.
    • Jonathan Swift
      Few are qualified to shine in company; but it in most men's power to be agreeable.
  6. (intransitive) To be immediately apparent.
  7. (transitive) To create light with (a flashlight, lamp, torch, or similar).
    • 2007, David Lynn Goleman, Legend: An Event Group Thriller, St. Martin’s Press (2008), ISBN 978-0-312-94595-7, page 318:
      As Jenks shined the large spotlight on the water, he saw a few bubbles and four long wakes leading away from an expanding circle of blood.
    I shined my light into the darkness to see what was making the noise.‎
  8. (transitive) To cause to shine, as a light.
    • Francis Bacon
      He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor shine honour and virtues, upon men equally.
  9. (US, transitive) To make bright; to cause to shine by reflected light.
    in hunting, to shine the eyes of a deer at night by throwing a light on them‎
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)
SynonymsEdit
Coordinate termsEdit
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

NounEdit

shine ‎(uncountable)

  1. Brightness from a source of light.
    • Nathaniel Hawthorne
      the distant shine of the celestial city
  2. Brightness from reflected light.
  3. Excellence in quality or appearance.
  4. Shoeshine.
  5. Sunshine.
    • Dryden
      be it fair or foul, or rain or shine
  6. (slang) Moonshine.
  7. (cricket) The amount of shininess on a cricket ball, or on each side of the ball.
  8. (slang) A liking for a person; a fancy.
    She's certainly taken a shine to you.
  9. (archaic, slang) A caper; an antic; a row.
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Terms derived from shine
TranslationsEdit
shoeshine — see shoeshine
sunshine — see sunshine
slang: moonshine — see moonshine
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2Edit

From the noun shine, or perhaps continuing Middle English schinen (preterite schinede, past participle schined), from Old English scīn ‎(“brightness, shine”), and also Middle English schenen, from Old English scǣnan ‎(“to render brilliant, make shine”), from Proto-Germanic *skainijaną, causitive of *skīnaną ‎(“to shine”).

VerbEdit

shine ‎(third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shined)

  1. (transitive) To cause (something) to shine; put a shine on (something); polish (something).
    He shined my shoes until they were polished smooth and gleaming.
  2. (transitive, cricket) To polish a cricket ball using saliva and one’s clothing.
SynonymsEdit
TranslationsEdit

AnagramsEdit

IrishEdit

AdjectiveEdit

shine

  1. Lenited form of sine.

NounEdit

shine

  1. Lenited form of sine.

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

shine

  1. rōmaji reading of しね
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Last edited on 25 September 2016, at 23:32