Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/speh₁-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*speh₁-

1. to succeed, to prosper

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *speh₁-‎ (7 c, 0 e)

• *spéh₁-ti (athematic root present)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spḗˀtei (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spaHti
    • Proto-Iranian: *spaHti (“to satisfy, eat one’s fill”)
      • Northeastern Iranian:
        • Ossetian:

          Digor: ӕфсадун (æfsadun), ӕфсад (æfsad, “to nourish”)

          Iron: ӕфсадын (æfsadyn), ӕфсад (æfsad, “to nourish”)

      • Southeastern Iranian:
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (spaiye, “to satisfy, be satisfied”)
        • Sarikoli: [script needed] (spon-) / [script needed] (spond, “to fill, replenish”)
        • Yazghulami: [script needed] (s(ə)pā̆n-) / [script needed] (s(ə)pā̆nt, “to saturate”)
• *sph₁-óy-ey ~ *sph₁-y-énti
  • Proto-Anatolian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] (√išpai-ⁱ / √išpi, “to get full, to be filled, to be satiated”):

      𒅖𒉺𒀀𒄿 (iš-pa-a-i, 3sg.pres.act.)

  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spʰā́yati (or rather *spʰáHyati < *sph₁-éh₁-ye-ti)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spʰā́yati
      • Sanskrit: स्फायते (sphā́yate, “to grow fat, become bulky, swell, increase, expand”)
• *spóh₁-e-ti (o-grade root present)
  • Proto-Germanic: *spōaną (see there for further descendants)
    • *spōdiz (see there for further descendants) (< + *-diz)
• *spéh₁-s
  • Latin: spēs (see there for further descendants)
• *sph₁-rós (“thriving”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spʰirás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *spʰirás
      • Sanskrit: स्फिर (sphirá, “fat”)
  • Proto-Italic: *pro-sparos
    • Latin: prosperus (“prosperous, successful”)
  • Proto-Slavic: *sporъ (“abundant, lavish”) (see there for further descendants)
• *swé-sph₁-t-s
  • Proto-Italic: *swespats
    • Latin: sospes (“safe and sound”)

Unsorted formations

• >? Proto-Albanian: *spukja
  • Albanian: fuqi, (archaic) fuki