Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćíkšati
Proto-Indo-Iranian
editEtymology
editFrom earlier *ćíćkšeti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱí-ḱ(e)k-se-ti, from *ḱek- (“to be able, capable”).[1]. Compare शक्नोति (śaknoti).
Verb
edit*ćíkšati[2]
Inflection
edit Nonfinite forms of *ćíkšati
Infinitive | *ćíkšatum |
---|---|
Gerund | *ćikšatwáH |
Past passive participle | *ćikšatás |
Future passive participle | *ćíkšyas |
Present forms of *ćíkšati
Active | Middle | Passive | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Indicative | ||||||||||
1st | *ćíkšaHmi | *ćíkšaHwas | *ćíkšaHmas | *ćíkšay | *ćikšáHwadʰHay | *ćikšáHmadʰHay | *ćikšyáy | *ćikšyáHwadʰHay | *ćikšyáHmadʰHay | |
2nd | *ćíkšasi | *ćíkšatʰas | *ćíkšatʰa | *ćíkšasay | *ćíkšaytʰay | *ćíkšadʰway | *ćikšyásay | *ćikšyáytʰay | *ćikšyádʰHway | |
3rd | *ćíkšati | *ćíkšatas | *ćíkšanti | *ćíkšatay | *ćíkšaytay | *ćíkšantay | *ćikšyátay | *ćikšyáytay | *ćikšyántay | |
Imperative | ||||||||||
1st | *ćíkšaHni | *ćíkšaHwa | *ćíkšaHma | *ćíkšaHy | *ćikšáHwadʰHaHy | *ćikšáHmadʰHaHy | *ćikšyáHy | *ćikšyáHwadʰHaHy | *ćikšyáHmadʰHaHy | |
2nd | *ćíkša | *ćíkšatam | *ćíkšata | *ćíkšaswa | *ćíkšaytʰām | *ćíkšadʰHwam | *ćikšyáswa | *ćikšyáytʰām | *ćikšyádʰHwam | |
3rd | *ćíkšatu | *ćíkšatām | *ćíkšantu | *ćíkšatām | *ćíkšaytām | *ćíkšantam | *ćikšyátām | *ćikšyáytām | *ćikšyántam | |
Optative | ||||||||||
1st | *ćíkšayHam | *ćíkšaywa | *ćíkšaymas | *ćíkšayHa | *ćikšáywadʰHi | *ćikšáymadʰHi | *ćikšyáyHa | *ćikšyáywadʰHi | *ćikšyáymadʰHi | |
2nd | *ćíkšays | *ćíkšaytam | *ćíkšayta | *ćíkšaytʰās | *ćikšáyHātʰām | *ćíkšaydʰHwam | *ćikšyáytʰās | *ćikšyáyHātʰām | *ćikšyáydʰHwam | |
3rd | *ćíkšayt | *ćíkšaytām | *ćíkšayHunt | *ćíkšayta | *ćikšáyHātām | *ćíkšayrant | *ćikšyáyta | *ćikšyáyHātām | *ćikšyáyrant | |
Participles | *ćíkšant | *ćíkšamHnas | *ćikšyámHnas |
Imperfect forms of *ćíkšati
Active | Middle | Passive | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
Indicative | ||||||||||
1st | *áćikšam | *aćíkšaHwa | *aćíkšaHma | *áćikšay | *aćikšáHwadʰHi | *aćikšáHmadʰHi | *aćikšyáy | *aćikšyáHwadʰHi | *aćikšyáHmadʰHi | |
2nd | *áćikšas | *aćíkšatam | *aćíkšata | *aćíkšatʰās | *aćíkšaytʰām | *aćíkšadʰHwam | *aćikšyátʰās | *aćikšyáytʰām | *aćikšyádʰHwam | |
3rd | *áćikšat | *aćíkšatām | *áćikšant | *aćíkšata | *aćíkšaytām | *aćíkšanta | *aćikšyáta | *aćikšyáytām | *aćikšyánta |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k̑ek(u̯)-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 322
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “śikṣ”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University