Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HacwaHastiš

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

PIE word
*h₁éḱwos

From *Hácwah (“horse”) +‎ *Hástiš (“food”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éd-t-is ~ *h₁d-téy-s, from *h₁ed- (“to eat”) +‎ *-tis.

Compare Sanskrit अश्वत्थ (aśvatthá, “sacred fig tree”).

Noun

*HacwaHastiš f

1. alfalfa, lucerne

Inflection

i-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*HacwaHástiš	*HacwaHástiH	*HacwaHástayah
vocative	*HacwaHástay	*HacwaHástiH	*HacwaHástayah
accusative	*HacwaHástim	*HacwaHástiH	*HacwaHástīš
instrumental	*HacwaHástiH	*HacwaHástibyā	*HacwaHástibiš
ablative	*HacwaHástayš	*HacwaHástibyā	*HacwaHástibyah
dative	*HacwaHástayay	*HacwaHástibyā	*HacwaHástibyah
genitive	*HacwaHástayš	*HacwaHástyawš	*HacwaHástayām
locative	*HacwaHástaw	*HacwaHástyawš	*HacwaHástišu

Derived terms

• *HacwaHastiyaH
  • Bactrian: [script needed] (aśpista)
  • Old Median: *aspāstiyā
    • → Elamite: 𒍩𒁀𒆜𒋾𒅀 (áš-ba-iš-ti-ia /⁠ašbaištiya⁠/)
  • Pashto: شپېشته (špéšta)
  • Old Persian: *𐎠𐎿𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎹𐎠 (*a-s-a-s-t-y-a /⁠asāstiyā⁠/)
    • → Elamite: 𒍩𒃻𒆜𒋾𒅀 (áš-šá-iš-ti-ia /⁠ašaištiya⁠/)

Descendants

• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Western Balochi: اسپست (aspust), اسپست (ispist), اسپست (uspust)
  • Northern Kurdish: hespist (haspist)
  • Old Median: *aspāstiš (see there for further descendants)