Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/kak

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology

• Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *khaɣ/khak (Coblin, 1986); *ʔyak ⪤ kak (Matisoff, 1983)
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *kak (Matisoff, STEDT)

Derived from *b-ka-(n/m/ŋ) (“bitter, bile, liver”).

Adjective

*kak

1. difficult, hard; hardship

Descendants

• Himalayish
  • Tibeto-Kanauri
    • Bodic
      • Tibetan
        • Written Tibetan: ཁག་པོ (khag po, “difficult”)
• Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
  • Lolo-Burmese
    • Burmish
      • Written Burmese: ခက် (hkak, “difficult, hard, harsh; arduous”)

See also

• *ʔjak (“hard, difficult”)