Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/arьmo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to join”). Morphologically *ar- +‎ *-ьmo.

Noun

*arьmò n^[1]

yoke, ox yoke

Inflection

Declension of *ārьmò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ārьmò	*arь̀mě	*ārьmà
genitive	*ārьmà	*ārьmù	*arь̀mъ
dative	*ārьmù	*ārьmòma	*ārьmòmъ
accusative	*ārьmò	*arь̀mě	*ārьmà
instrumental	ārьmъ̀mь, ārьmòmь^*	*ārьmòma	*arь̀my
locative	*ārьmě̀	*ārьmù	*arь̀měxъ
vocative	*ārьmò	*arь̀mě	*ārьmà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

*arь̀mъ

Derived terms

Related terms

*kojariti

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ꙗрьмъ (jarĭmŭ), ꙗръмъ (jarŭmŭ)
  - Belarusian: ярмо́ (jarmó), яруом (jaruóm)
  - Russian: ярмо́ (jarmó), армо́ (armó), ярём (jarjóm), яре́мь (jarémʹ)
  - Ukrainian: ярмо́ (jarmó), йа́рмо́ (jármó), ярем (jarem)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: ꙗрьмъ (jarĭmŭ)
  - Bulgarian: яре́м (jarém), ере́м (erém)
  - Macedonian: јарем (jarem)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ја́рам, јерам
  
  Latin script: járam
- Slovene: járəm (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: jařmo, jarmo
- Kashubian: jirzmo, jerzmo
- Old Polish: jarzmo, jerzmo, jirzmo
  - Polish: jarzmo, jarmo (dialectal)
- Slovak: jarmo, járom
- → Hungarian: járom

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*arь̀mъ; *arьmò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 28: “m. o; n. o (b) ‘(ox-)yoke’”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*arь̀mъ; *arьmò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 28: “m. o; n. o (b) ‘(ox-)yoke’”

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