Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klonъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Akin to Lithuanian klãnas (“puddle, depression”), klõnis (“vale”), dial. Latvian klans (“meadow, puddle”), possibly inherited from common Proto-Balto-Slavic *klánas (“bend, fold”) (met with slight reservation by Trubačev). Further origin perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel- (“to crook”), however, compare also Proto-Slavic *slonъ (“offset, protrusion”), considered a doublet by Mladenov (evincing for possibe dialectal variation *kl- ~ *ḱl-).

Noun

*klònъ m

1. slope, slant, tilt

   Synonyms: *katъ, *gybъ, *krivina

Declension

Declension of *klònъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*klònъ	*klonà	*klonì
genitive	*klonà	*klonù	*klònъ
dative	*klonù	*klonòma	*klonòmъ
accusative	*klònъ	*klonà	*klonỳ
instrumental	*klonъ̀mь, *klonòmь*	*klonòma	*klòny
locative	*kloně̀	*klonù	*klòněxъ
vocative	*klone	*klonà	*klonì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *kloniti (“to slant, to lean, to verge”), *kloniti sę (“to bow”)
• *naklonъ (“gradient, inclination”)
• *otъklonъ, *orzklonъ (“deviation, divergence”)
• *perklonъ, *poklonъ, *priklonъ (“bow, kneeling”)
• *sъklonъ (“slope, acclivity”)
• *uklonъ (“inclination”)
• *zaklonъ (“covert”)

Related terms

• *klęti (“to curse”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: клон (klon) (dialectal)
  • Russian: клон (klon) (in North-Eastern dialects (Vologda, Arkhangelsk))
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: клон (klon, “proclivity”) (dialectal, attested in folk songs)
  • Slovene: klòn (“inclination”) (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: klon (“bend, fold; proclivity; cell”) (dialectal)
  • Polish: kłon (“bow”) (dialectal)
  • Sorbian:
    • ⇒ Lower Sorbian: kłonk (“cell, case”)
    • ⇒ Upper Sorbian: kłónk (“cell”)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klonъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 68
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “клон²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 464
• “klanas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

Etymology 2

Per Mladenov, Skok, Vasmer: related to Etymology 1, probably postverbal from Proto-Slavic *kloniti (“to diverge, to arch outwards”). Has been also compared to Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”), but per Trubačev (ESSJa) borrowing is unlikely.

Noun

*klonъ m

1. branch, twig

   Synonyms: *grana, *větvь, *rozga, *galǫzь

Declension

Declension of *klonъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*klonъ	*klona	*kloni
genitive	*klona	*klonu	*klonъ
dative	*klonu	*klonoma	*klonomъ
accusative	*klonъ	*klona	*klony
instrumental	*klonъmь, *klonomь*	*klonoma	*klony
locative	*kloně	*klonu	*kloněxъ
vocative	*klone	*klona	*kloni

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *kloniti sę (“to branch off, to furcate (for twigs)”)
• *klonъka, *klonьcь (diminutive)
• *klonikъ (“bough”)
• *kloňakъ, *klonьje (“branching, cluster of twigs”) (collective)
• *kloněstъ, *klonovatъ (“twigy”)

Related terms

• *klenъ (“maple”) (possibly)
• *klęčь (“wand, stick”) (possibly)

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: клон (klon)
  • >? Macedonian: клон (klon, “filial”) (could be borrowed from Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn))
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: klon (dialectal)
    • ⇒ Czech: kloník (“bough”) (dialectal)

Further reading

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “клон¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 464