Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krъšiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to bump, push, break”). Akin to Lithuanian krùšti.

Verb

*krъšiti

1. (transitive) to crumble (to break into crumbs)

Inflection

Conjugation of *krъšiti, *krъši, *krъšitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*krъšenьje	*krъšiti	*krъšitъ	*krъšilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*krъšenъ	*krъšimъ
Active	*krъšь	*krъšę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krъšixъ	*krъši	*krъši	*krъšǫ	*krъšiši	*krъšitь
Dual	*krъšixově	*krъšista	*krъšiste	*krъšivě	*krъšita	*krъšite
Plural	*krъšixomъ	*krъšiste	*krъšišę	*krъšimъ	*krъšite	*krъšętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krъšaaxъ	*krъšaaše	*krъšaaše	—	*krъši	*krъši
Dual	*krъšaaxově	*krъšaašeta	*krъšaašete	*krъšivě	*krъšita	—
Plural	*krъšaaxomъ	*krъšaašete	*krъšaaxǫ	*krъšimъ	*krъšite	—

Notes:
• (*)*krъšivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

nouns

• *kruxъ
• *krъxà

 

verb

• *krušiti

 

Descendants

• East Slavic
  • Russian: кроши́ть (krošítʹ)
  • Ukrainian: криши́ти (kryšýty)
• South Slavic
  • Old Church Slavonic: кръшити (krŭšiti)
  • Bulgarian: кърша (kǎrša)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: кр̀шити

    Latin: kr̀šiti

  • Slovene: kŕšiti
• West Slavic
  • Old Polish: krszyć
    • Polish: krszyć (dialectal)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кроши́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress