Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/narodъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Either:

from *nȃ- +‎ *rȍdъ^[1]
deverbal from *naroditi

Either way, from the same root.

For meaning shift compare Latin nātiō (“birth; that which is born; living creature; human race, clan, tribe; people, nation”).

Jay H. Jasanoff proposes a shift in stress to the second syllable according to Dybo's law,^[2] however, apparently this contradicts the Old East Slavic forms на́ро^д (náro^d) and народы̀ (narodỳ), where the forms are enclinomena.

Noun

*nȃrodъ or *naròdъ m^[1]^[3]^[4]

that which is born
people, nation

Declension

Declension of *nȃrodъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*nȃrodъ	*nȃroda	*nȃrodi
genitive	*nȃroda	*narodù	*naròdъ
dative	*nȃrodu	*narodomà	*narodòmъ
accusative	*nȃrodъ	*nȃroda	*nȃrody
instrumental	nȃrodъmь, nȃrodomь^*	*narodomà	*narodý
locative	*nȃrodě	*narodù	*narodě̃xъ
vocative	*narode	*nȃroda	*nȃrodi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *naròdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*naròdъ	*naròda	*naròdi
genitive	*naròda	*naròdu	*naròdъ
dative	*naròdu	*naròdoma	*naròdomъ
accusative	*naròdъ	*naròda	*naròdy
instrumental	naròdъmь, naròdomь^*	*naròdoma	*naròdȳ
locative	*naròdě	*naròdu	*naròdě̄xъ
vocative	*naròde	*naròda	*naròdi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*narodьnъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: на́родъ (národŭ), наро́дъ (naródŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: на́родъ (národ), наро́дъ (naród)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: наро́д (naród)
    - Ukrainian: на́рід (nárid), наро́д (naród)
    - Belarusian: наро́д (naród)
  - Russian: наро́д (naród)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: народъ (narodŭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱀⰰⱃⱁⰴⱏ (narodŭ)
- Bulgarian: наро́д (naród)
  - → Romanian: nerod, nărod
- Macedonian: на́род (národ)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: на́род
  
  Latin script: národ
- Slovene: národ (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: nôród
- Old Czech: národ
  - Czech: národ
- Old Polish: naród
  - Polish: naród
  - Silesian: nŏrōd
- Slovak: národ

Non-Slavic:
- → English: narot
- → Romanian: norod
- → Yiddish: (via Polish/Russian/Ukrainian/Belarusian, or all of the above) נאַראָד (narod)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*nāròdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 346
^ Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213: “(the type *naro̍dъ ‘people’ < *na̍rodъ)”
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narod”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 253
^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “naród”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 352

[EDSIL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*nāròdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 346

[2] Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213: “(the type *naro̍dъ ‘people’ < *na̍rodъ)”

[3] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*narod”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 253

[4] Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “naród”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 352

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