Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otъverzti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *otverzti

Etymology

From *otъ- +‎ *verzti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *verź-, from Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian ver̃žti (“to string, to squeeze, to tighten”), Old High German wurgen (“to strangle”).

Verb

*otъverzti

1. to open

Inflection

Conjugation of *otъverzti, *otъvьrze, *otъvьrzetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*otъvьrstьje	*otъverzti	*otъverztъ	*otъvьrzlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*otъvьrstъ	*otъvьrzomъ
Active	*otъvьrzъ	*otъvьrzy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъvьrz(ox)ъ	*otъvьrze	*otъvьrze	*otъvьrzǫ	*otъvьrzeši	*otъvьrzetь
Dual	*otъvьrz(ox)ově	*otъvьrz(e/os)ta	*otъvьrz(e/os)te	*otъvьrzevě	*otъvьrzeta	*otъvьrzete
Plural	*otъvьrz(ox)omъ	*otъvьrz(e/os)te	*otъvьrzǫ, *otъvьrzošę	*otъvьrzemъ	*otъvьrzete	*otъvьrzǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъvьrzěaxъ	*otъvьrzěaše	*otъvьrzěaše	—	*otъvьrzi	*otъvьrzi
Dual	*otъvьrzěaxově	*otъvьrzěašeta	*otъvьrzěašete	*otъvьrzěvě	*otъvьrzěta	—
Plural	*otъvьrzěaxomъ	*otъvьrzěašete	*otъvьrzěaxǫ	*otъvьrzěmъ	*otъvьrzěte	—

Conjugation of *otъverzti, *otъverze, *otъvьrzetь (?, -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*otъvьrstьje	*otъverzti	*otъverztъ	*otъvьrzlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*otъvьrstъ	*otъvьrzomъ
Active	*otъvьrzъ	*otъvьrzy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъversъ	*otъverze	*otъverze	*otъvьrzǫ	*otъvьrzeši	*otъvьrzetь
Dual	*otъversově	*otъversta	*otъverste	*otъvьrzevě	*otъvьrzeta	*otъvьrzete
Plural	*otъversomъ	*otъverste	*otъversę	*otъvьrzemъ	*otъvьrzete	*otъvьrzǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъvьrzěaxъ	*otъvьrzěaše	*otъvьrzěaše	—	*otъvьrzi	*otъvьrzi
Dual	*otъvьrzěaxově	*otъvьrzěašeta	*otъvьrzěašete	*otъvьrzěvě	*otъvьrzěta	—
Plural	*otъvьrzěaxomъ	*otъvьrzěašete	*otъvьrzěaxǫ	*otъvьrzěmъ	*otъvьrzěte	—

Related terms

• *povorzъ, *pavorzъ (“cord”)
• *verslò (“stalk? hook? binder?”)
• *verzti

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: отъврезти (otŭvrezti)
    • Russian: poetic отве́рзть (otvérztʹ)
    • Ukrainian: (отве́рзтися (otvérztysja))
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: отъвьрзати (otŭvĭrzati), отъврѣщи (otŭvrěšti)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: отвъ́ржа (otvǎ́rža)
  • Macedonian: одврже (odvrže), одврзе (odvrze) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: одвр́сти (Karadzić's dictionary)

    Latin: odvŕsti

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “отве́рстие”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 610
• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ot(ъ)verzti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “-верза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*otъverzti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 69