Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pastь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Originally, an action noun of *pasti (“to fall, to collapse”) +‎ *-tь. In Church Slavonic texts, the form пастъ m (pastŭ) is also encountered, however, it is obscure.

Noun

*pȃstь f

1. fall, attack

   Synonym: *padъ

2. trench, trap

   Synonyms: *urva, *pazina, *klopъ

3. (by abstraction) mouth, throat

   Synonyms: *usta, *zěvъ

Declension

Declension of *pastь (i-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pastь	*pasti	*pasti
genitive	*pasti	*pastьju, *pasťu*	*pastьjь, *pasti*
dative	*pasti	*pastьma	*pastьmъ
accusative	*pastь	*pasti	*pasti
instrumental	*pastьjǫ, *pasťǫ*	*pastьma	*pastьmi
locative	*pasti	*pastьju, *pasťu*	*pastьxъ
vocative	*pasti	*pasti	*pasti

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *propastь (“abyss, chasm”)
• *napastь (“scourge, plague”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: пасть (pastʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: пасть (pastĭ)
  • Bulgarian: паст (past) (dated)
  • Slovene: pȃst (“trap”)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: past (“trap”)
  • Polish: przepaść (“abyss, chasm”), Polish: paszcza (“maw, mouth of an animal”)
  • Slovak: pasca (“trap”), Slovak: priepasť (“abyss”)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пасть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “пасть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 11
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “паст”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 84