Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/usta

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃éh₁os (“mouth”).

Noun

*ūstà n pl

1. lips, mouth

Declension

Declension of *ūstà (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b, plural only)

	plural
nominative	*ūstà
genitive	*ũstъ
dative	*ūstòmъ
accusative	*ūstà
instrumental	*ũsty
locative	*ũstěxъ
vocative	*ūstà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *ustàtъ (“having big mouth; figr. chatty, garrulous”)
• *ustьje (“mouth (of a river)”)
• *čeľustь (“jaw”)
• *ustьna (“lip”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: уста (usta)
    • Old Ruthenian: уста (usta)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: уста́ (ustá)
      • Ukrainian: вуста́ (vustá), уста́ (ustá)
    • Russian: уста́ (ustá)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: оуста (usta)
  • Bulgarian: уста́ (ustá)
  • Macedonian: уста (usta)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: у́ста

    Latin script: ústa

  • Slovene: ústa (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: usta, ústa, ousta
    • Czech: ústa
  • Old Polish: usta
    • Polish: usta
  • Polabian: vaustă
  • Slovak: ústa
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: wusta

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “уста”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress