Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perdьnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *perdъ (“before”) +‎ *-ьnъ.

Adjective

*perdьnъ

1. fore
2. first

Declension

Indefinite declension of *perdьnъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*perdьnъ	*perdьna	*perdьno
genitive	*perdьna	*perdьny	*perdьna
dative	*perdьnu	*perdьně	*perdьnu
accusative	*perdьnъ	*perdьnǫ	*perdьno
instrumental	*perdьnomь	*perdьnojǫ	*perdьnomь
locative	*perdьně	*perdьně	*perdьně
vocative	*perdьne	*perdьno	*perdьno
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*perdьna	*perdьně	*perdьně
genitive	*perdьnu	*perdьnu	*perdьnu
dative	*perdьnoma	*perdьnama	*perdьnoma
accusative	*perdьna	*perdьně	*perdьně
instrumental	*perdьnoma	*perdьnama	*perdьnoma
locative	*perdьnu	*perdьnu	*perdьnu
vocative	*perdьna	*perdьně	*perdьně
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*perdьni	*perdьny	*perdьna
genitive	*perdьnъ	*perdьnъ	*perdьnъ
dative	*perdьnomъ	*perdьnamъ	*perdьnomъ
accusative	*perdьny	*perdьny	*perdьna
instrumental	*perdьny	*perdьnami	*perdьny
locative	*perdьněxъ	*perdьnaxъ	*perdьněxъ
vocative	*perdьni	*perdьny	*perdьna

Definite declension of *perdьnъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*perdьnъjь	*perdьnaja	*perdьnoje
genitive	*perdьnajego	*perdьnyję̇	*perdьnajego
dative	*perdьnujemu	*perdьněji	*perdьnujemu
accusative	*perdьnъjь	*perdьnǫjǫ	*perdьnoje
instrumental	*perdьnyjimь	*perdьnǫjǫ	*perdьnyjimь
locative	*perdьnějemь	*perdьněji	*perdьnějemь
vocative	*perdьnъjь	*perdьnaja	*perdьnoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*perdьnaja	*perdьněji	*perdьněji
genitive	*perdьnuju	*perdьnuju	*perdьnuju
dative	*perdьnyjima	*perdьnyjima	*perdьnyjima
accusative	*perdьnaja	*perdьněji	*perdьněji
instrumental	*perdьnyjima	*perdьnyjima	*perdьnyjima
locative	*perdьnuju	*perdьnuju	*perdьnuju
vocative	*perdьnaja	*perdьněji	*perdьněji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*perdьniji	*perdьnyję̇	*perdьnaja
genitive	*perdьnъjixъ	*perdьnъjixъ	*perdьnъjixъ
dative	*perdьnyjimъ	*perdьnyjimъ	*perdьnyjimъ
accusative	*perdьnyję̇	*perdьnyję̇	*perdьnaja
instrumental	*perdьnyjimi	*perdьnyjimi	*perdьnyjimi
locative	*perdьnyjixъ	*perdьnyjixъ	*perdьnyjixъ
vocative	*perdьniji	*perdьnyję̇	*perdьnaja

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: пярэдні (pjaredni)
  • Russian: пере́дний (perédnij)
  • Ukrainian: пере́дній (perédnij)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: прѐден (prèden)
  • Macedonian: преден (preden)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: пре̏дњӣ

    Latin script: prȅdnjī

  • Slovene: prednji (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: přední
  • Polish: przedni
  • Slovak: predný
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: prědny
    • Upper Sorbian: prěni

Further reading

• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “преден”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 636
• Varbot, Zh. Zh., editor (2021), “*perdьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 42 (*peča – *perzъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 163