Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sedmъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *sedьmъ (Černyx)

Etymology

From earlier *sebdmъ < *septmъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *septmas, from Proto-Indo-European *septmós.

Baltic cognates include Old Lithuanian sẽkmas, Old Prussian septmas (“seventh”).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit सप्तम (saptamá, “seventh”), Ancient Greek ἕβδομος (hébdomos, “seventh”), Latin septimus (“seventh”), Proto-Germanic *sebundô.

Adjective

Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)

←  6	7	8  →
Cardinal: *sedmь     Ordinal: *sedmъ     Adverbial: *sedmь kortь     Multiplier: *sedmerъnъ, *sedmь kortьnъ     Collective: *sedmero     Fractional: *sedmina

*sedmъ

1. seventh

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *sedmъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sedmъ	*sedma	*sedmo
genitive	*sedma	*sedmy	*sedma
dative	*sedmu	*sedmě	*sedmu
accusative	*sedmъ	*sedmǫ	*sedmo
instrumental	*sedmomь	*sedmojǫ	*sedmomь
locative	*sedmě	*sedmě	*sedmě
vocative	*sedme	*sedmo	*sedmo
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sedma	*sedmě	*sedmě
genitive	*sedmu	*sedmu	*sedmu
dative	*sedmoma	*sedmama	*sedmoma
accusative	*sedma	*sedmě	*sedmě
instrumental	*sedmoma	*sedmama	*sedmoma
locative	*sedmu	*sedmu	*sedmu
vocative	*sedma	*sedmě	*sedmě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sedmi	*sedmy	*sedma
genitive	*sedmъ	*sedmъ	*sedmъ
dative	*sedmomъ	*sedmamъ	*sedmomъ
accusative	*sedmy	*sedmy	*sedma
instrumental	*sedmy	*sedmami	*sedmy
locative	*sedměxъ	*sedmaxъ	*sedměxъ
vocative	*sedmi	*sedmy	*sedma

Definite declension of *sedmъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sedmъjь	*sedmaja	*sedmoje
genitive	*sedmajego	*sedmyję̇	*sedmajego
dative	*sedmujemu	*sedměji	*sedmujemu
accusative	*sedmъjь	*sedmǫjǫ	*sedmoje
instrumental	*sedmyjimь	*sedmǫjǫ	*sedmyjimь
locative	*sedmějemь	*sedměji	*sedmějemь
vocative	*sedmъjь	*sedmaja	*sedmoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sedmaja	*sedměji	*sedměji
genitive	*sedmuju	*sedmuju	*sedmuju
dative	*sedmyjima	*sedmyjima	*sedmyjima
accusative	*sedmaja	*sedměji	*sedměji
instrumental	*sedmyjima	*sedmyjima	*sedmyjima
locative	*sedmuju	*sedmuju	*sedmuju
vocative	*sedmaja	*sedměji	*sedměji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*sedmiji	*sedmyję̇	*sedmaja
genitive	*sedmъjixъ	*sedmъjixъ	*sedmъjixъ
dative	*sedmyjimъ	*sedmyjimъ	*sedmyjimъ
accusative	*sedmyję̇	*sedmyję̇	*sedmaja
instrumental	*sedmyjimi	*sedmyjimi	*sedmyjimi
locative	*sedmyjixъ	*sedmyjixъ	*sedmyjixъ
vocative	*sedmiji	*sedmyję̇	*sedmaja

Derived terms

• *sedmь (“seven”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: семъ (semŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: семый (semyj)
      • Belarusian: сёмы (sjómy)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: семый (semŷj)
      • Ukrainian: сьо́мий (sʹómyj)
    • Russian: сёмый (sjómyj), семо́й (semój)
  • Old Novgorodian: семе (seme)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: седмъ (sedmŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⱄⰵⰴⰿⱏ (sedmŭ)

    • Bulgarian: се́дми (sédmi)
    • Macedonian: седми (sedmi)
    • → Old East Slavic: седмъ (sedmŭ), седьмъ (sedĭmŭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: седмый (sedmyj)
      • Russian: седьмо́й (sedʹmój)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: се̑дмӣ

    Latin script: sȇdmī

  • Slovene: sẹ́dmi (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: sedmý
    • Czech: sedmý
  • Old Polish: siódmy, siedmy
    • Polish: siódmy
    • Silesian: siōdmy
  • Old Slovak: sedmy, siedmy
    • Pannonian Rusyn: седми (sedmi)
    • Slovak: siedmy
  • Polabian: sedmĕ
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: sedmy
    • Lower Sorbian: sedymy

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “седьмой”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “седьмой”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “седмꙑи, седьмꙑи”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[1] (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 322
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “семꙑи”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎^[2] (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 332