Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skobľь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ- (“to carve, to scrape”) + *-jь, related to Lithuanian skabýti (“to pluck, to delve”), skõbti (“to carve onto wood”), Latvian skabît (“to hew off”). Further akin with Ancient Greek σκᾰ́φος (skáphos, “hull of a ship”), σκάφη (skáphē, “bowl, tube”), Latin scobis (“wood chip”).

In other Indo-European languages, the same root yielded the meaning “to scratch, to scrub”, as in Latin scabō, Proto-Germanic *skabaną.

Possibly of the same origin as Proto-Slavic *skobà (“shackle, clasp”).

Noun

*skȍbľь m

1. crafting or carving tool (spokeshave, chisel, gouge)

Alternative forms

• *skobľa f (in West, South-West Slavic)
• *skobьľь, *skobeľь (reanalyzed at a later time in some descendants)

Inflection

Declension of *skobľь (soft o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*skobľь	*skobľa	*skobľi
genitive	*skobľa	*skobľu	*skobľь
dative	*skobľu	*skobľema	*skobľemъ
accusative	*skobľь	*skobľa	*skobľę̇
instrumental	*skobľьmь, *skobľemь*	*skobľema	*skobľi
locative	*skobľi	*skobľu	*skobľixъ
vocative	*skobľu	*skobľa	*skobľi

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *skobľiti, *skobľati (“to carve, to delve with a tool”)
• *skobľьcь, *skobľičь (diminutive)

Related terms

• *ščebьľь, *ščebьňь (“gravel”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: скобль (skoblĭ)
  • Belarusian: ско́бля (skóblja)
  • Russian: ско́бель (skóbelʹ)
  • Ukrainian: ско́бель (skóbelʹ), скобе́лка (skobélka)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ско́бел (skóbel) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ско̏бља

    Latin script: skȍblja

  • Slovene: skọ̄bəlj, skọ̑blja (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: skoble, škoble
  • Polish: skobla, skobel
  • Slovak: skobľa

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Romanian: scoabă (“chisel, adze”)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “скобель”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “скобел”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 760
• “skabyti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012