Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/gara

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Connected with Proto-Mongolic *gar (“hand, arm”) (see Mongolian гар (gar)) by Rozycki.

Noun

*gara

1. branch, bough

Declension

Declension of *gara

	Singular
Nominative	*gara
Accusative	*garaba
Genitive	*garaŋī
Dative	*garadua
Locative	*garala
Ablative	*garadiki
Prolative	*garali
Elative	*garagiʒi
Instrumental	*garaʒi
Delative	*garalāki
Directive	*garatiki
Comitative	*garagili

Descendants

• Northern
  • Even: гар (gar)
  • Evenki: гара (gara)
  • Negidal: гайа (gaja)
  • Solon: гар (gar), гара (gara)
• Central
  • Oroch: га̄
  • Udihe: га̄
• South-Eastern:
  • Nanai: гара (gara)
  • Orok: гара
  • Ulch: гара
• South-Central:
  • Jurchen: harha
  • Manchu: ᡤᠠᡵᡤᠠᠨ (gargan)

References

• Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, page 141
• Rozycki, William Vincent (1994) Mongol Elements in Manchu (Uralic and Altaic series; 157), Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, pages 123-124