Wiktionary

arm

See also: ARM, Arm, Arm., Arms, Ärm, and ärm

Translingual

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Symbol

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arm

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2/B language code for Armenian.

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English arm, from Old English earm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“a fitting, joint; arm, forequarter”), a suffixed form of *h₂er- (“to join, fit together”).

cognates

Akin to Dutch arm, German Arm, Yiddish אָרעם (orem), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish arm. Indo-European cognates include Latin armus (“the uppermost part of the arm, shoulder”), Armenian արմունկ (armunk, “elbow”), Ancient Greek ἁρμός (harmós, “joint, shoulder”) and ἅρμα (hárma, “wagon, chariot”), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬨𐬀 (arma), Old Persian [script needed] (arma).

Noun

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arm (plural arms)

  1. The portion of the upper human appendage, from the shoulder to the wrist and sometimes including the hand.
    She stood with her right arm extended and her palm forward to indicate “Stop!”
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
      When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him. He had him gripped firmly by the arm, since he felt it was not safe to let him loose, and he had no immediate idea what to do with him.
  2. (anatomy) The extended portion of the upper limb, from the shoulder to the elbow.
    The arm and forearm are parts of the upper limb in the human body.
  3. A limb, or locomotive or prehensile organ, of an invertebrate animal.
    the arms of an octopus
  4. The part of a piece of clothing that covers the arm.
    Synonym: sleeve
  5. A long, narrow, more or less rigid part of an object extending from the main part or centre of the object, such as the armrest of an armchair, a crane, a pair of spectacles or a pair of compasses.
    The robot arm reached out and placed the part on the assembly line.
  6. (geography) A bay or inlet off a main body of water.
    Shelburne Bay is an arm of Lake Champlain.
  7. A branch of an organization.
    the cavalry arm of the military service
    • 2018 April 25, Ron Nixon, “Scandals and Investigations, but Few Arrests, for Air Marshals Program”, in The New York Times‎[2]:
      Congress has asked the Government Accountability Office, its investigative arm, to review the workplace complaints raised by air marshals, said Charles Young, a spokesman for the office.
  8. (figurative) Power; might; strength; support.
    the arm of the law
    the secular arm
  9. (baseball, slang) A pitcher
    The team needs to sign another arm in the offseason.
  10. (genetics) One of the two parts of a chromosome.
  11. A group of patients in a medical trial.
Derived terms
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Translations
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See arm/translations § Noun.

Verb

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arm (third-person singular simple present arms, present participle arming, simple past and past participle armed)

  1. (obsolete) To take by the arm; to take up in one's arms.

Etymology 2

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From Middle English arm (“poor, wretched”), from Old English earm (“poor, miserable, pitiful, wretched”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erm- (“poor, ill”).

cognates

Akin to Dutch arm (“poor”), German arm (“poor”), Yiddish אָרעם (orem, “poor”), Swedish arm (“poor”).

Adjective

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arm (comparative armer or more arm, superlative armest or most arm)

  1. (UK dialectal, chiefly Scotland) Poor; lacking in riches or wealth.
  2. (UK dialectal, chiefly Scotland) To be pitied; pitiful; wretched.
Derived terms
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References

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Etymology 3

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Back-formation from arms (plural), from Middle English armes, from Old French armes, from Latin arma (“weapons”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mo-, a suffixed form of *h₂er- (“to fit together”), hence ultimately cognate with etymology 1.

Noun

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arm (plural arms)

  1. (usually used in the plural) A weapon.
    • 1789, Second Amendment to the United States Constitution:
      A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
    • 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London, Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:
      The next thing I laid hold of was a brace of pistols, and as I already had a powder horn and bullets, I felt myself well supplied with arms.
  2. (in the plural) Heraldic bearings or insignia.
    The Duke's arms were a sable gryphon rampant on an argent field.
  3. (in the plural, obsolete) War; hostilities; deeds or exploits of war.
Usage notes
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  • Pubs and taverns often use this word in their names, as a reference to heraldic bearings, e.g. The Queen's Arms.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Verb

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arm (third-person singular simple present arms, present participle arming, simple past and past participle armed)

  1. (transitive) To supply with armour or (later especially) weapons.
    The king armed his knights with swords and shields.
    • 2015, George R. R. Martin, A Dance with Dragons, Bantam, →ISBN, page 593:
      They were arming them with spears and shields, putting iron halfhelms on their heads, and arraying them along the inner wall, a rank of snowy sentinels. "Lord Winter has joined us with his levies," one of the sentries [said].
  2. (transitive, figurative) To supply with the equipment, knowledge, authority, or other tools needed for a particular task; to furnish with capability; to equip.
    • 1593, anonymous author, The Life and Death of Iacke Straw […], Act I:
      thou getteſt no more of me.
      For I am ſure thy Office doth not arme thee with ſuch authoritie.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Peter 4:1:
      arm yourselves likewise with the same mind: for he that hath suffered in the flesh hath ceased from sin;
    • 1801(?), John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress ... to which is Added, the Life and Death of the Author, page 359:
      Many following him, and, in his journeyings, he visited many at their houses, and gave them consolation, arming them with steady resolves, to be patient in suffering and trust to God for their reward; […]
    • 1806, William turner, An Abstract of the History of the Bible ... With questions for examination, etc, page 43:
      [God] directed them to choose out three hundred only, and, arming them with nothing but trumpets and lamps, to send them by night into the camp of the Midianites.
    • 1885, United States Congressional Serial Set, page 119:
      Q. In other words, you were commissioning men here in Cincinnati to attend the polls, arming them with authority to arrest citizens; men from outside of the city of Cincinnati to arrest citizens of the city of Cincinnati […]
    • 2011, Meredith H. Lair, Armed with Abundance: Consumerism & Soldiering in the Vietnam War, Univ of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, page 215:
      Picture taking soothed support troops' anxieties twice over, empowering them as they navigated a strange environment, and arming them with proof that they really had served in a war.
    • 2014, Susan Fawcett, Grassroots with Readings: The Writer's Workbook, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 466:
      […] and arming them with skills, work habits, and inner confidence that no one can ever take away.
  3. (transitive) To prepare (a tool, weapon, or system) for action; to activate.
    Remember to arm the alarm system before leaving for work.
  4. (intransitive, of a tool, weapon, or system) To become prepared for action; to activate.
    • 2021 March 10, Drachinifel, 14:43 from the start, in Guadalcanal Campaign - The Big Night Battle: Night 1 (IJN 3(?) : 2 USN)‎[3], archived from the original on 17 October 2022:
      Torpedoes were loosed, but the range was too short for them to actually arm, and they bounced harmlessly off the ship as it cut loose with its secondary and antiaircraft guns, smashing anything that it could see.
  5. (transitive) To cover or furnish with a plate, or with whatever will add strength, force, security, or efficiency.
    to arm the hilt of a sword; to arm a hook in angling
  6. (intransitive) To take up weapons; to arm oneself.
  7. (transitive) To fit (a magnet) with an armature.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch arm.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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arm (plural arms)

  1. arm

Cimbrian

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Etymology 1

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From Middle High German arm, from Old High German arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”). Cognate with German Arm, English arm.

Noun

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arm m (plural èrme)

  1. (Sette Comuni) arm
    An langar arm rékhet béetor. ― A long arm can reach further.
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Etymology 2

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From Middle High German arm, from Old High German arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor, pitiful”). Cognate with German arm, English arm.

Adjective

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arm (comparative èrmor, superlative dar èrmorste)

  1. (Sette Comuni, Luserna) poor
    Bèar is arm hat nicht so borliran. ― He who is poor has nothing to lose.
Declension
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Positive forms of arm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative èar ist arm zi ist arm is ist arm ze zèint arm
with definite article nominative dar èrme de èrma 's èrme de èrmen
accusative in èrmen de èrma 's èrme de èrmen
dative me èrmen dar èrmen me èrmen in èrmen
with indefinite article nominative an èrmar an èrma an èrmes (khòone) èrmen
accusative an èrmen an èrma an èrmes (khòone) èrmen
dative aname èrmen anara èrmen aname èrmen (khòonen) èrmen
without article nominative èrme
accusative èrme
dative èrmen
Comparative forms of arm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative èar ist èrmor zi ist èrmor is ist èrmor ze zèint èrmor
with definite article nominative dar èrmore de èrmora 's èrmore de èrmorn
accusative in èrmorn de èrmora 's èrmore de èrmorn
dative me èrmorn dar èrmorn me èrmorn in èrmorn
with indefinite article nominative an èrmorar an èrmora an èrmors (khòone) èrmorn
accusative an èrmorn an èrmora an èrmors (khòone) èrmorn
dative aname èrmorn anara èrmorn aname èrmorn (khòonen) èrmorn
without article nominative èrmore
accusative èrmore
dative èrmorn
Superlative forms of arm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative èar ist dar èrmorste zi ist dar èrmorsta is ist dar èrmorste ze zèint dar èrmorste
with definite article nominative dar èrmorste de èrmorsta 's èrmorste de èrmorsten
accusative in èrmorsten de èrmorsta 's èrmorste de èrmorsten
dative me èrmorsten dar èrmorsten me èrmorsten in èrmorsten
with indefinite article nominative an èrmorstar an èrmorsta an èrmorstes (khòone) èrmorsten
accusative an èrmorsten an èrmorsta an èrmorstes (khòone) èrmorsten
dative aname èrmorsten anara èrmorsten aname èrmorsten (khòonen) èrmorsten
without article nominative èrmorste
accusative èrmorste
dative èrmorsten

This adjective has irregular declension; positive inflected forms also have umlaut.

Derived terms
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References

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  • “arm” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
  • Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Danish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse armr (“arm”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mo- (“arm”).

Noun

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arm c (singular definite armen, plural indefinite arme)

  1. (anatomy) arm
Inflection
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Declension of arm
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative arm armen arme armene
genitive arms armens armes armenes

Etymology 2

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From Old Norse armr (“arm, poor”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”).

Adjective

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arm

  1. (dated) poor, not rich
    Synonym: fattig
  2. unfortunate, poor
    Synonym: stakkels
Inflection
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Inflection of arm
Positive Comparative Superlative
Indefinte common singular arm — —2
Indefinite neuter singular armt — —2
Plural arme — —2
Definite attributive1 arme — —
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Further reading

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Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch arm, from Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“a fitting, joint”), a suffixed form of *h₂er- (“to join, fit together”). Cognate to Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬨𐬀 (arma) and Old Persian [script needed] (arma).

Noun

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arm m (plural armen, diminutive armpje n)

  2. arm
    Iemand kneep in mijn arm.
    Someone pinched my arm.
  3. branch (especially of streams and organisations)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: arm
  • Javindo: arrem
  • Negerhollands: arm, erm

Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch arm, from Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erH- (“to be sparse”).

Adjective

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arm (comparative armer, superlative armst)

  2. poor (not rich)
    arme landen ― poor countries
  3. poor (unfortunate)
    arme stakker… ― poor soul…
Inflection
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Declension of arm
uninflected arm
inflected arme
comparative armer
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial arm armer het armst
het armste
indefinite m./f. sing. arme armere armste
n. sing. arm armer armste
plural arme armere armste
definite arme armere armste
partitive arms armers —
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: arm
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: arum
  • Jersey Dutch: arm
  • Negerhollands: aerm
  • Petjo: arm

Anagrams

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East Central German

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Verb

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arm

  1. (Erzgebirgisch, intransitive) to work
    Synonym: arbittn

Further reading

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  • 2020 June 11, Hendrik Heidler, Hendrik Heidler's 400 Seiten: Echtes Erzgebirgisch: Wuu de Hasen Hoosn haaßn un de Hosen Huusn do sei mir drhamm: Das Original Wörterbuch: Ratgeber und Fundgrube der erzgebirgischen Mund- und Lebensart: Erzgebirgisch – Deutsch / Deutsch – Erzgebirgisch‎[4], 3. geänderte Auflage edition, Norderstedt: BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 17:

Estonian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *arpi; arm is an irregular variant of the root; the expected arb can be seen in dialects.

Noun

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arm (genitive armi, partitive armi)

  1. scar
Declension
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Declension of arm (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative arm armid
accusative nom.
gen. armi
genitive armide
partitive armi arme
armisid
illative armi
armisse 		armidesse
armesse
inessive armis armides
armes
elative armist armidest
armest
allative armile armidele
armele
adessive armil armidel
armel
ablative armilt armidelt
armelt
translative armiks armideks
armeks
terminative armini armideni
essive armina armidena
abessive armita armideta
comitative armiga armidega

Etymology 2

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From Proto-Finnic *armo. Most likely derived from armas. Cognate to Votic armo (“grace, mercy”).

Noun

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arm (genitive armu, partitive armu)

  1. mercy
  2. pardon
  3. (poetic) love, affection
Declension
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Declension of arm (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative arm armud
accusative nom.
gen. armu
genitive armude
partitive armu arme
armusid
illative armu
armusse 		armudesse
armesse
inessive armus armudes
armes
elative armust armudest
armest
allative armule armudele
armele
adessive armul armudel
armel
ablative armult armudelt
armelt
translative armuks armudeks
armeks
terminative armuni armudeni
essive armuna armudena
abessive armuta armudeta
comitative armuga armudega

Faroese

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Noun

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arm

  1. indefinite accusative singular of armur

German

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erH- (“to be sparse”) or alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ-, whence English orphan.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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arm (strong nominative masculine singular armer, comparative ärmer, superlative am ärmsten)

  1. poor (having little money)
  2. poor (to be pitied)
    arm dran sein ― to have bad luck
    lieber arm dran als Arm ab ― better to have bad luck than to lose an arm [the play on words is lost in translation]
  3. low (having a small amount)

Declension

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Positive forms of arm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist arm sie ist arm es ist arm sie sind arm
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative armer arme armes arme
genitive armen armer armen armer
dative armem armer armem armen
accusative armen arme armes arme
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der arme die arme das arme die armen
genitive des armen der armen des armen der armen
dative dem armen der armen dem armen den armen
accusative den armen die arme das arme die armen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein armer eine arme ein armes (keine) armen
genitive eines armen einer armen eines armen (keiner) armen
dative einem armen einer armen einem armen (keinen) armen
accusative einen armen eine arme ein armes (keine) armen
Comparative forms of arm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist ärmer sie ist ärmer es ist ärmer sie sind ärmer
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative ärmerer ärmere ärmeres ärmere
genitive ärmeren ärmerer ärmeren ärmerer
dative ärmerem ärmerer ärmerem ärmeren
accusative ärmeren ärmere ärmeres ärmere
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der ärmere die ärmere das ärmere die ärmeren
genitive des ärmeren der ärmeren des ärmeren der ärmeren
dative dem ärmeren der ärmeren dem ärmeren den ärmeren
accusative den ärmeren die ärmere das ärmere die ärmeren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein ärmerer eine ärmere ein ärmeres (keine) ärmeren
genitive eines ärmeren einer ärmeren eines ärmeren (keiner) ärmeren
dative einem ärmeren einer ärmeren einem ärmeren (keinen) ärmeren
accusative einen ärmeren eine ärmere ein ärmeres (keine) ärmeren
Superlative forms of arm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am ärmsten sie ist am ärmsten es ist am ärmsten sie sind am ärmsten
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative ärmster ärmste ärmstes ärmste
genitive ärmsten ärmster ärmsten ärmster
dative ärmstem ärmster ärmstem ärmsten
accusative ärmsten ärmste ärmstes ärmste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der ärmste die ärmste das ärmste die ärmsten
genitive des ärmsten der ärmsten des ärmsten der ärmsten
dative dem ärmsten der ärmsten dem ärmsten den ärmsten
accusative den ärmsten die ärmste das ärmste die ärmsten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein ärmster eine ärmste ein ärmstes (keine) ärmsten
genitive eines ärmsten einer ärmsten eines ärmsten (keiner) ärmsten
dative einem ärmsten einer ärmsten einem ärmsten (keinen) ärmsten
accusative einen ärmsten eine ärmste ein ärmstes (keine) ärmsten

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “arm” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • “arm” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • “arm” in Duden online

Icelandic

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Noun

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arm

  1. indefinite accusative singular of armur

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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arm m (genitive singular airm, nominative plural airm)

  1. weapon; implement, tool
  2. (collective) arms
  3. army

Declension

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Declension of arm

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative arm airm
Vocative a airm a arma
Genitive airm arm
Dative arm airm

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an t-arm na hairm
Genitive an airm na n-arm
Dative leis an arm

don arm

leis na hairm

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
arm n-arm harm not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “arm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 110, page 59
  3. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 10
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 138, page 54

Further reading

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Jersey Dutch

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Dutch arm. Cognates include Afrikaans arm.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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arm

  1. poor
    • 1912, Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsche taal— en letterkunde, volumes 31-32, page 309:
      Hāi waz nît tevrêde täus en dârkîs tû râkni arm. […] |He was not content at home and therefore he became poor.

Livonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *armo. Akin to Finnish armo.

Noun

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arm

  1. peace
  2. love

Manx

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Etymology

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From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.

Noun

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arm m (genitive singular arm, plural armyn)

  1. arm, weapon, armament

Verb

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arm (verbal noun armal, past participle garmal)

  1. arm

References

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Middle Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.

Noun

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arm m

  2. arm
Inflection
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Declension of arm (strong)
Singular Plural
nominative arm arme
accusative arm arme
genitive arms arme
dative arme armen
Alternative forms
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Descendants
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Further reading
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Etymology 2

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From Old Dutch arm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.

Adjective

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arm

  2. poor, having few possessions
  3. unfortunate, pitiable
Inflection
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Adjective
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative Indefinite arm arme arm arme
Definite arme arme
Accusative Indefinite armen arme arm arme
Definite arme
Genitive Indefinite arms armer arms armer
Definite arms, armen arms, armen
Dative armen armer armen armen
Alternative forms
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Descendants
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Further reading
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Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English earm (“arm”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *arəm- (“arm”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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arm (plural arms)

  2. arm
Descendants
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References

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Etymology 2

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From Old English earm (“poor, wretched”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *erm- (“poor, ill”).

Adjective

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arm

  2. poor
  3. miserable, wretched
Descendants
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References

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Old Norse armr.

Adjective

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arm (neuter singular armt, definite singular and plural arme)

  1. poor

Noun

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

arm m (definite singular armen, indefinite plural armer, definite plural armene)

  1. (anatomy) an arm

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

From Old Norse armr m, from Proto-Germanic *armaz m. Akin to English arm.

Noun

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arm m (definite singular armen, indefinite plural armar, definite plural armane)

  1. (anatomy) an arm
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse armr, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.

Adjective

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arm (neuter armt, definite singular and plural arme, comparative armare, indefinite superlative armast, definite superlative armaste)

  1. poor, pitiful (to be pitied)
Derived terms
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References

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Anagrams

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Old Dutch

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.

Noun

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arm m

  2. arm
Inflection
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This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants
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Further reading
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  • “arm (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Etymology 2

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz.

Adjective

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arm

  2. poor
Inflection
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This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms
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Descendants
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Further reading
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  • “arm (II)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), whence also Old High German arm, Old Norse armr.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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arm m

  1. Alternative form of earm

Declension

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Declension of arm (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative arm armas
accusative arm armas
genitive armes arma
dative arme armum

Old High German

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ermos, *h₂ŕ̥mos, whence also Old English arm, Old Norse armr.

Noun

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arm m

  2. (anatomy) arm
Declension
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Declension of arm (masculine a-stem)
case singular plural
nominative arm arma
accusative arm arma
genitive armes armo
dative arme armum
instrumental armu —
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, whence also Old English earm, Old Norse armr.

Adjective

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arm

  2. poor, miserable
Declension
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Strong declension of arm
Singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative armēr, arm armiu, arm armaz, arm
accusative arman arma armaz
genitive armes armera armes
dative armemu armeru armemu
instrumental armu — armu
Plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative arme, arm armo, arm armiu, arm
accusative arme armo armiu
genitive armero armero armero
dative armēm armēm armēm
Weak declension of arm
Singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative armo arma arma
accusative armon armūn arma
genitive armen armūn armen
dative armen armūn armen
Plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative armon armūn armon
accusative armon armūn armon
genitive armōno armōno armōno
dative armōm armōm armōm
Declension of comparative of arm
Singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative armōro armōra armōra
accusative armōron armōrūn armōra
genitive armōren armōrūn armōren
dative armōren armōrūn armōren
Plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative armōron armōrūn armōron
accusative armōron armōrūn armōron
genitive armōrōno armōrōno armōrōno
dative armōrōm armōrōm armōrōm
Strong declension of superlative arm
Singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative armōstēr, armōst armōstiu, armōst armōstaz, armōst
accusative armōstan armōsta armōstaz
genitive armōstes armōstera armōstes
dative armōstemu armōsteru armōstemu
instrumental armōstu — armōstu
Plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative armōste, armōst armōsto, armōst armōstiu, armōst
accusative armōste armōsto armōstiu
genitive armōstero armōstero armōstero
dative armōstēm armōstēm armōstēm
Weak declension of superlative arm
Singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative armōsto armōsta armōsta
accusative armōston armōstūn armōsta
genitive armōsten armōstūn armōsten
dative armōsten armōstūn armōsten
Plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative armōston armōstūn armōston
accusative armōston armōstūn armōston
genitive armōstōno armōstōno armōstōno
dative armōstōm armōstōm armōstōm
Derived terms
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Descendants
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References

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  • Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer

Old Saxon

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, whence also Old English earm, Old Norse armr.

Noun

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arm m

  1. arm
Declension
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Declension of arm (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative arm armos
accusative arm armos
genitive armes armō
dative arme armum
instrumental — —


Descendants
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  • Middle Low German: arm
    • Low German:
      • German Low German:
        Hamburgisch: Arm
        Westphalian:
        Ravensbergisch: Ārm
        Lippisch: Arm
        Sauerländisch: Ārm, Ārem, Oarm
        Westmünsterländisch: Arm
      • Plautdietsch: Oam, Oarm

Etymology 2

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From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, whence also Old English earm, Old Norse armr.

Adjective

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arm (comparative armoro, superlative armost)

  1. miserable, poor
Declension
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Positive forms of arm
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative arm arme arm arme arm armu
accusative armana arme arm arme arma armu
genitive armes armarō armes armarō armaro armarō
dative armumu armum armumu armum armaro armum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative armo armu arma armu arma armu
accusative armun armun arma armun armun armun
genitive armun armonō armun armonō armun armonō
dative armun armum armun armum armun armum
Comparative forms of arm (weak only)
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative armoro armoru armora armoru armora armoru
accusative armorun armorun armora armorun armorun armorun
genitive armorun armoronō armorun armoronō armorun armoronō
dative armorun armorum armorun armorum armorun armorum
Superlative forms of arm
Strong declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative armost armoste armost armoste armost armostu
accusative armostana armoste armost armoste armosta armostu
genitive armostes armostarō armostes armostarō armostaro armostarō
dative armostumu armostum armostumu armostum armostaro armostum
Weak declension
gender masculine neuter feminine
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative armosto armostu armosta armostu armosta armostu
accusative armostun armostun armosta armostun armostun armostun
genitive armostun armostonō armostun armostonō armostun armostonō
dative armostun armostum armostun armostum armostun armostum


Descendants
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  • Low German: arm (also Lippisch)

Romanian

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Etymology

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From Latin armus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to join”).

Noun

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arm n (plural armuri)

  1. (chiefly Oltenia) an animal's haunch, or a thigh on a person
    Synonyms: coapsă, șold
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See also

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Scots

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English arm, from Old English earm (“arm”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“arm”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mo- (“arm”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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arm (plural arms)

  1. arm
  2. arm of the sea
  3. bar, beam

Etymology 2

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From Middle English arm (“poor”), from Old English earm (“poor”), from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz (“poor”), from Proto-Indo-European *erm- (“poor, ill”).

Adjective

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arm (comparative mair arm, superlative maist arm)

  1. poor; wretched
  2. weak; thin; sickly

Verb

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arm (third-person singular simple present arms, present participle armin, simple past armt, past participle armt)

  1. (intransitive) to crawl about miserably.

Etymology 3

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From Middle English armen (“to arm”), from Old French armer (“to arm”), from Latin armō (“to arm”). More at arm.

Verb

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arm (third-person singular simple present arms, present participle armin, simple past armt, past participle armt)

  1. to arm, outfit with weapons or armour

Etymology 4

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From Old Norse armr (“wing of a body”).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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arm (plural arms)

  1. (Shetland) the tail end of something, especially of fishing line

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish arm n (“armour, battle-equipment, panoply; weapon; army”), from Latin arma.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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arm m (genitive singular airm, plural airm)

  1. army
    Synonym: armailt
  2. arm, weapon

Usage notes

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  • Arm is usually used to refer to the entire fighting force of a nation etc, while armailt usually refers to the an "army" involved in a particular battle etc:
    Arm Bhreatainn anns a' Chogadh Mhòr ― British Army in the First World War (the armed forces as a whole)
    armailt Bhreatannach ann an Afraga ― British Army in Africa

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
arm n-arm h-arm t-arm
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “arm”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[5], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “arm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse armr (“arm”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ermos, *h₂ŕ̥mos.

Noun

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arm c

  1. (anatomy) arm; the body part
  2. arm; something extending from a body
Declension
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Declension of arm 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative arm armen armar armarna
Genitive arms armens armars armarnas
Derived terms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse armr (“poor”), from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ormos.

Adjective

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arm (comparative armare, superlative armast)

  1. (dated) poor; to be pitied
    Synonym: stackars
  2. (dated) poor; with no possessions or money
    Synonym: fattig
Declension
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Inflection of arm
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular arm armare armast
Neuter singular armt armare armast
Plural arma armare armast
Masculine plural3 arme armare armast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 arme armare armaste
All arma armare armaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic
Derived terms
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Anagrams

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Yimas

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Noun

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arm

  1. water

References

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  • The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN) (as arɨm)
  • William A. Foley, The Yimas Language of New Guinea (1991, →ISBN), page 296:
    arm tark kantk-rm ima-na-tɨ-n
    water coldness with-water water S-DEF-becomes-PRES
    'The water is getting cold.'
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