Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/üle-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *hüle- (“to surplus, to leave”), Proto-Mongolic *hüle-gü (“surplus”), Proto-Tungusic *pule- (“to be left, to surplus”), Khitan 𘮧𘲀𘯟 (*p ul uh, “surplus”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Verb

*üle-

(transitive) to divide, distribute
Synonym: *bȫl-

Related terms

*ülüš (“lot, endowment”)
*ülüg (“lot, endowment”)

Descendants

→^? Serbi—Mongolic: *püle-, *pülüg
- Proto-Mongolic: *hüle-
  - Mongolian: үлэх (ülex)
- Para-Mongolic: *pulug
  - Khitan: 𘮧𘲀𘯟 (*p ul uh)
→? Proto-Tungusic: *pule-
Oghur:
- Chuvash: валеҫ (valeś)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - ⇒ Azerbaijani: üləşixʼ (“The beginning of the ditch, furrow, etc. separated from the main line; small water separator”) (dialect)
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: üleşmek
- Turkmen: ülemek, üleşmek
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اولاماک (ülemek), اولاشماک (üleşmek)
  - Uzbek: ulashmoq
  - Uyghur: ئۈلەشـ (ülesh-)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: өләшеү (öləşew)
  - Tatar: өләшергә (öläşergä)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: üleşmek
  - Kumyk: уьлешмек (üleşmek)
  - Karachay-Balkar: юлеширге (yuleşirge)
  - Karaim: ӱляш- (üleš-)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: u’lesiw
    - Kazakh: үлесу (ülesu)
    - Nogai: уьлесуьв (ülesüv)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: үлөшүү (ülöşüü)
    - Southern Altai: ӱлеер (üleer), ӱлежер (üležer)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (üle-), [script needed] (üleš-)
  - Western Yugur: [script needed] (ülis-)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: үллэр (üller)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: үлээр (üleer)
  - Yenisei:
    - Shor: ӱлерге (ülerge), [script needed] (üleş-)
    - Khakas: ӱлирге (ülirge), ӱлезерге (ülezerge)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*üle-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill