Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/abïčga

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Uncertain. However over the years multiple theories have risen:

• Clauson suggests a derivation *abïč (“an obscure root”) +‎ *-ga.
• Nishanyan suggets a derivation *apa (“elderly male relative”) +‎ *-ča (“diminutive suffix”), however note that the suffix was borrowed from Persians at a later date.

Noun

*abïčga

1. an elderly relative; husband, old man, foster-mother, elder sister, uncle etc.

Declension

Declension of *abïčga (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural2)
nominative	*abïčga	*abïčgalar
accusative
genitive	*abïčganïŋ	*abïčgalarnïŋ
dative	*abïčgaka	*abïčgalarka
locative	*abïčgada	*abïčgalarda
ablative	*abïčgadan	*abïčgalardan
instrumental1)		*abïčgalarïn
equative1)	*abïčgača	*abïčgalarča

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Common Turkic:

• Proto-Oghuz::
  • West Oghuz:
    • Ottoman Turkish: عموجه (amuca)
      • Turkish: amca
      • → Armenian: ամուճա (amuča)
      • → Bulgarian: аму́джа (amúdža)
      • → Serbo-Croatian: а̀миџа / àmidža
      • ⇒ Turkish: Abuşka, abuş
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (avıçğa)
    • Chagatai: [script needed] (avuşka)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: абышҡа (abışqa)
      • → Chuvash: упӑшка (up̬ăška)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: абышка (abyşka)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: абышка (abışka)
    • Southern Altai: абышка (abïška)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur: ʾʾpwčxʾ (abučɣa), ʾʾvyčxʾ (avïčɣa), ʾʾvynčxʾ (avïnčɣa)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: ашак (aşak)
    • Yeniseian Turkic:
      • Khakas: [script needed] (abısqa)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 6
• Clauson, Gerard (2002) “The Suffixes in Pre-Eighth Century Turkish”, in Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics, 2nd edition, London: RoutledgeCurzon, →ISBN, pages 87-88
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “amca”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 60-61
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Abuč-ka”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill