Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bagïr

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Connected to Proto-Tungusic *pākin. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*bagïr

1. liver

Declension

Declension of *bagïr

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*bagïr
Accusative	*bagïrnï, *bagïrïg 4), *bagïrnïg 1)
Genitive	*bagïrnïŋ
Dative	*bagïrka
Locative	*bagïrta
Ablative	*bagïrtan
Allative	*bagïrgaru
Instrumental 2)	*bagïrïn
Equative 2)	*bagïrča
Similative 2)	*bagïrlayu
Comitative 2)	*bagïrlïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

• *bagïrdak
• *bagïrsuk

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: пӗвер (pĕver)
• Common Turkic:

• Proto-Oghuz: *bagïr
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: bağır
    • Ottoman Turkish: باغر (bağır)
      • Turkish: bağır (“breast, bosom”)
  • Salar: bağır
  • Turkmen: bagyr
• Karluk:
  • Uyghur: بېغىر (bëghir)
  • Uzbek: bag'ir
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: бауыр (bawır), бәғер (bəğer)
    • Tatar: бавыр (bawır)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: bağır
    • Karachay-Balkar: баур (baur), бауур (bauur)
    • Kumyk: бавур (bawur)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Nogai: бавыр (bavır)
    • Kazakh: бауыр (bauyr)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: боор (boor)
    • Southern Altai: буур (buur)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (baɣïr)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: быар (bıar)
    • Yakut: быар (bıar)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tuvan: баар (baar)
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: паар (paar)

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 317
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 55
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 17-19
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*biagïr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 278