Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yüŕük

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic edit

Etymology edit

Derived from *yüŕ- which is also the source of *yüŕeŋgü (“stirrup”). No doubt related to Proto-Mongolic *döre (“ring”) and Proto-Tungusic *dur-, see Mongolian дөр (dör, “pin, collar, nose-ring”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Loaned as gyűrű (“ring”) in Hungarian, which, according to Clauson points to an earlier word initial /dʰ/.

Noun edit

yüŕük

ring

Declension edit

Declension of *yüŕük

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*yüŕük
Accusative	yüŕükni, yüŕüküg ⁴⁾, *yüŕüknig ¹⁾
Genitive	*yüŕükniŋ
Dative	*yüŕükke
Locative	*yüŕükde
Ablative	*yüŕükden
Allative	*yüŕükgerü
Instrumental ²⁾	*yüŕükün
Equative ²⁾	*yüŕükče
Similative ²⁾	*yüŕükleyü
Comitative ²⁾	*yüŕüklügü

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Related terms edit

*yüŕeŋgü (“stirrup”)

Descendants edit

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫӗрӗ (śĕrĕ)
- → Hungarian: gyűrű

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: üzük
  - Ottoman Turkish: یوزوك (yüzük)
    - Turkish: yüzük
    - Gagauz: üzük
- Turkmen: ýüzük
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: يُزُكْ (yüzük)
  - Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (yüzük)
    - Chagatai: [script needed] (üzük)
      - Uzbek: uzuk
      - Uyghur: ئۈزۈك (üzük)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: [script needed] (yüzük)
- Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (yüzük)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: yüzük
  - Karachay-Balkar: джюзюк (cüzük), жюзюк (jüzük)
  - Kumyk: юзюк (yuzük)
  - Karaim: [script needed] ((y)üzük)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: йөҙөк (yöźök)
  - Tatar: йөзек (yözek)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: жүзік (jüzık)
    - Karakalpak: ju'zik
    - Nogai юзик (yuzik)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: жүзүк (jüzük)
    - Southern Altai: јӱстӱк (ǰüstük)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: һүһүөх (hühüöx)
  - Yakut: сүһүөх (sühüöq)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: чӱстӱк (çüstük)
    - Shor: чӱстӱк (čüstük)
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tuvan: чүстүк (çüstük)