Wiktionary

User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tŕ̥šyati

< User:Victar
*tr̥fšah (“sour, acidic”), *tr̥špah (metathesized) *cáxšah (“bitter”)[1] *taxlám (“buttermilk; bitter”)[2][3][4]
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tŕ̥psas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *térp-s-t ~ *tr̥p-s-ént, from *terp- (“to congeal; to curdle”). From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čákšas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéḱ-se-ti, from *kʷeḱ-. From Proto-Indo-Iranian *taklám[5], thematized from Proto-Indo-European *ténk-l̥ ~ *tn̥k-én-s[6], from *tenk- (“to become firm; to curdle”) +‎ *-l̥. Cognate with Sanskrit तक्र (takrá, “diluted buttermilk”).
  • Northeastern Iranian:
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji: *təršp
    • >? Ormuri: [script needed] (tōf)[7]
    • >? Pashto: تریو m (tríw), [script needed] (tərwa), [script needed] f (trawa, “sour; buttermilk”) (or < *tiwráh, cf. Sanskrit तीव्र (tīvrá, “strong, sharp, heavy, pungent”)[8])
      • →? Waneci: [script needed] (tərəw)[8][7]
  • Northwestern Iranian:
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Northern Luri: تؤرش (torš)
    • Middle Persian:
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwš /⁠truš⁠/), [Book Pahlavi needed] (trwpš /⁠trufš⁠/)
      • Classical Persian: ترش (tur(u)š)
        Dari: ترش (tur(u)š)
        Iranian Persian: ترش (tor(o)š)
        Tajik: турш (turš), туруш (turuš)
        • → Pashto: تروش (trúš), ترش (tróš)
        • → Waneci: [script needed] (trūž)[9]
        • → Ishkashimi: [script needed] (trəš), [script needed] (tᵊrüš), [script needed] (tᵊruš), [script needed] (truš)[10]
        • → Sanglechi: [script needed] (tɛrəṣ̌)[10]
  • →? Russian: терпкий (terpkij)[11]
  • Khwarezmian: چفک (cfk /⁠cafak⁠/, “sour”)
  • ⇒ Shughni: tux̌p (“dried buttermilk”)
  • ⇒ *tr̥fščáH[12]
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (ttiṣcya, “sour plant”)
  • ⇒ Ishkashimi: trösp (spoiled milk)
  • ⇒ Parthian: (/⁠tiršbag⁠/, “vinegar”)
    Inscriptional Pahlavi script: [Inscriptional Pahlavi needed] (tršpk), [script needed] (ḤLH)
  • ⇒ Sogdian: (/⁠tarparak, tarpārak⁠/, “acid”)
    Old Sogdian script: [Old Sogdian needed] (trpʾrʾk)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (ttīra, “bitter”)
    • Wakhi: tračk (“sour, rancid”)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri:
      Kaniguram: [script needed] (tēṣ̌r)
    • Pashto: [script needed] m (trix), [script needed] (tərxa), [script needed] f (traxa)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Semnani: [script needed] m (trix), [script needed] f (tərxá, “bitter, salty”)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian:
      Manichaean script: 𐫤𐫀𐫍𐫡 (tʾhr /⁠tahr⁠/)
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (tʾhl' /⁠taxl⁠/)
*tŕ̥šyati-kaH (“sour; a kind of herb, Rumex”)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Wakhi: [Term?] (/⁠truc⁠/, “bitter”)
      Arabic script: تروڅ
      Cyrillic script: труц (truts)
    • Khwarezmian: چف (čf /⁠čaf⁠/, “be sour”)
  • Northwestern Iranian:

References

edit
  1. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*čaxša- < *čakša-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 251-252
  2. ^ Asatrian, Garnik (2011) “tal”, in A Comparative Vocabulary of Central Iranian Dialects‎[1] (in Persian), Tehran: Safir Ardehal Publications, page 384
  3. ^ Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) “tračk”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN, page 359
  4. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1974) “cīx”, in Etymological Vocabulary of the Shughni Group (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 6), Wiesbaden: Dr Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 24
  5. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “takra-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 611-612
  6. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 262
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1973) “Chapter 11: Supplementary notes on Ormuri”, in Irano-Dardica (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 5), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
  9. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (2003) “trix”, in Elfenbein, J., MacKenzie, D. N., Sims-Williams, Nicholas, editors, A New Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Beitrage Zur Iranistik; 23), Weisbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert, →ISBN
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) “tɛ'rəṣ̌”, in Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 416
  11. ^ Morgenstierne, Georg (1938) “trɪšp”, in Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard), page 256
  12. ^ Bailey, H. W. (1979) “ttiṣcya”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 130
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