तक्र

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তক্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬓ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• তক্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰎𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• တကြ (Burmese script)
• તક્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਤਕ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌕𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦏꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂍𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ತಕ್ರ (Kannada script)
• តក្រ (Khmer script)
• ຕກ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• തക്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠᡬᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘎𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠᢉᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑦮𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐎𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ତକ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢡꢒ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆑𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖎𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• තක්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩜 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚊𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• தக்ர (Tamil script)
• తక్ర (Telugu script)
• ตกฺร (Thai script)
• ཏ་ཀྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒏𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨋𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tákram, from Proto-Indo-European *ténkl̥- (“buttermilk; the acridity of buttermilk”), from Proto-Indo-European *tenk- (“to thicken, be solid”). Cognate with Persian تلخ (talx, “bitter”), Icelandic þél (“buttermilk”), as well as the root तञ्च् (tañc, “to contract, coagulate”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐ́k.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ɐk.ɾɐ/

Noun

तक्र • (tákra) stem, n

1. buttermilk mixed with (a third part of) water

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of तक्र (takrá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	तक्रम् takrám	तक्रे takré	तक्राणि / तक्रा¹ takrā́ṇi / takrā́¹
Vocative	तक्र tákra	तक्रे tákre	तक्राणि / तक्रा¹ tákrāṇi / tákrā¹
Accusative	तक्रम् takrám	तक्रे takré	तक्राणि / तक्रा¹ takrā́ṇi / takrā́¹
Instrumental	तक्रेण takréṇa	तक्राभ्याम् takrā́bhyām	तक्रैः / तक्रेभिः¹ takraíḥ / takrébhiḥ¹
Dative	तक्राय takrā́ya	तक्राभ्याम् takrā́bhyām	तक्रेभ्यः takrébhyaḥ
Ablative	तक्रात् takrā́t	तक्राभ्याम् takrā́bhyām	तक्रेभ्यः takrébhyaḥ
Genitive	तक्रस्य takrásya	तक्रयोः takráyoḥ	तक्राणाम् takrā́ṇām
Locative	तक्रे takré	तक्रयोः takráyoḥ	तक्रेषु takréṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Khowar: [script needed] (trok, “bitter”)
• → Malayalam: തൈര് (tairŭ)
• Pali: takka
• Prakrit: 𑀢𑀓𑁆𑀓 (takka)
  • Bengali: টক (ṭok, “sour, acid”)
  • Gujarati: તાક (tāk)
  • Marathi: ताक (tāk, “buttermilk”)
• → Tamil: தயிர் (tayir)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “तक्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 431/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 611-2
• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers