asgnin

Old Irish

Etymology

From ess- +‎ ·gnin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [asˈɡʲnʲin]

Verb

as·gnin (verbal noun ecnae)

1. to know, recognize, understand

   Synonyms: ad·gnin, in·gnin

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 209^b13

     Iss ed inso nád chumaing ara·n-ísar and, coní enggnatar gníma, acht asa·gnintar.

     This is what cannot be found there, that actions are not understood, but they are understood.

Inflection

In the St Gall glosses, the preverb is usually disyllabic asa- instead of the usual as-.

Complex, class B V present, reduplicated preterite, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.	asa·gninaim						asa·gnintar, assa·gnintar	asa·gnintar, as·gniintar
	Prot.
Imperfect indicative	Deut.
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.		as·gén
	Prot.		·acén
Perfect	Deut.
	Prot.			·ergéoin, ·ergéouin
Future	Deut.
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.							asa·gnoither
	Prot.
Past subjunctive	Deut.						at·ngneitis (with infixed pronoun d-)
	Prot.
Imperative
Verbal noun		ecnae
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
as·gnin	as·gnin pronounced with /-ɣ(ʲ)-/	as·ngnin
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “as·gnin”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, § 745.3, pages 546–547