atra bilis
Latin
editEtymology
editCalque of Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía, “atrabiliousness”), from μέλας (mélas, “black, dark, murky”) and χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). According to early physiology, the excess of black bile in the human body resulted in sadness.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈaː.tra ˈbiː.lis/, [ˈäːt̪rä ˈbiːlʲɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.tra ˈbi.lis/, [ˈäːt̪rä ˈbiːlis]
Noun
editātra bīlis f (genitive ātrae bīlis); third declension
- black bile
- Synonym: nigra bīlis
- Bilem atram generantes, quos μελαγχολικοὺς vocant.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Delirat uxor. - Ātrā bīlī percita est.
- My wife is deranged! - It's caused by the black bile.
- Atra bilis agitat hominem.
- Melancholy makes men mad.
- (transferred sense) melancholy, sadness, dejection
Declension
editFirst-declension adjective with a third-declension noun (i-stem), singular only.
Case | Singular |
---|---|
Nominative | ātra bīlis |
Genitive | ātrae bīlis |
Dative | ātrae bīlī |
Accusative | ātram bīlem |
Ablative | ātrā bīle |
Vocative | ātra bīlis |
Descendants
edit- → French: atrabile (learned)
Categories:
- Latin terms calqued from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
- Latin multiword terms
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin terms with usage examples
- Latin terms with transferred senses