Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukucabanga
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukucabanga
|
ukungacabangi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
cabanga
|
-cabange
|
Plural
|
cabangani
|
-cabangeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyacabanga, ngicabanga
|
engicabangayo, engicabanga
|
ngicabanga
|
angicabangi
|
engingacabangi
|
ngingacabangi
|
2nd singular
|
uyacabanga, ucabanga
|
ocabangayo, ocabanga
|
ucabanga
|
awucabangi
|
ongacabangi
|
ungacabangi
|
1st plural
|
siyacabanga, sicabanga
|
esicabangayo, esicabanga
|
sicabanga
|
asicabangi
|
esingacabangi
|
singacabangi
|
2nd plural
|
niyacabanga, nicabanga
|
enicabangayo, enicabanga
|
nicabanga
|
anicabangi
|
eningacabangi
|
ningacabangi
|
Class 1
|
uyacabanga, ucabanga
|
ocabangayo, ocabanga
|
ecabanga
|
akacabangi
|
ongacabangi
|
engacabangi
|
Class 2
|
bayacabanga, bacabanga
|
abacabangayo, abacabanga
|
becabanga
|
abacabangi
|
abangacabangi
|
bengacabangi
|
Class 3
|
uyacabanga, ucabanga
|
ocabangayo, ocabanga
|
ucabanga
|
awucabangi
|
ongacabangi
|
ungacabangi
|
Class 4
|
iyacabanga, icabanga
|
ecabangayo, ecabanga
|
icabanga
|
ayicabangi
|
engacabangi
|
ingacabangi
|
Class 5
|
liyacabanga, licabanga
|
elicabangayo, elicabanga
|
licabanga
|
alicabangi
|
elingacabangi
|
lingacabangi
|
Class 6
|
ayacabanga, acabanga
|
acabangayo, acabanga
|
ecabanga
|
awacabangi
|
angacabangi
|
engacabangi
|
Class 7
|
siyacabanga, sicabanga
|
esicabangayo, esicabanga
|
sicabanga
|
asicabangi
|
esingacabangi
|
singacabangi
|
Class 8
|
ziyacabanga, zicabanga
|
ezicabangayo, ezicabanga
|
zicabanga
|
azicabangi
|
ezingacabangi
|
zingacabangi
|
Class 9
|
iyacabanga, icabanga
|
ecabangayo, ecabanga
|
icabanga
|
ayicabangi
|
engacabangi
|
ingacabangi
|
Class 10
|
ziyacabanga, zicabanga
|
ezicabangayo, ezicabanga
|
zicabanga
|
azicabangi
|
ezingacabangi
|
zingacabangi
|
Class 11
|
luyacabanga, lucabanga
|
olucabangayo, olucabanga
|
lucabanga
|
alucabangi
|
olungacabangi
|
lungacabangi
|
Class 14
|
buyacabanga, bucabanga
|
obucabangayo, obucabanga
|
bucabanga
|
abucabangi
|
obungacabangi
|
bungacabangi
|
Class 15
|
kuyacabanga, kucabanga
|
okucabangayo, okucabanga
|
kucabanga
|
akucabangi
|
okungacabangi
|
kungacabangi
|
Class 17
|
kuyacabanga, kucabanga
|
okucabangayo, okucabanga
|
kucabanga
|
akucabangi
|
okungacabangi
|
kungacabangi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngicabangile, ngicabangē
|
engicabangile, engicabangē
|
ngicabangile, ngicabangē
|
angicabanganga
|
engingacabanganga
|
ngingacabanganga
|
2nd singular
|
ucabangile, ucabangē
|
ocabangile, ocabangē
|
ucabangile, ucabangē
|
awucabanganga
|
ongacabanganga
|
ungacabanganga
|
1st plural
|
sicabangile, sicabangē
|
esicabangile, esicabangē
|
sicabangile, sicabangē
|
asicabanganga
|
esingacabanganga
|
singacabanganga
|
2nd plural
|
nicabangile, nicabangē
|
enicabangile, enicabangē
|
nicabangile, nicabangē
|
anicabanganga
|
eningacabanganga
|
ningacabanganga
|
Class 1
|
ucabangile, ucabangē
|
ocabangile, ocabangē
|
ecabangile, ecabangē
|
akacabanganga
|
ongacabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
Class 2
|
bacabangile, bacabangē
|
abacabangile, abacabangē
|
becabangile, becabangē
|
abacabanganga
|
abangacabanganga
|
bengacabanganga
|
Class 3
|
ucabangile, ucabangē
|
ocabangile, ocabangē
|
ucabangile, ucabangē
|
awucabanganga
|
ongacabanganga
|
ungacabanganga
|
Class 4
|
icabangile, icabangē
|
ecabangile, ecabangē
|
icabangile, icabangē
|
ayicabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
ingacabanganga
|
Class 5
|
licabangile, licabangē
|
elicabangile, elicabangē
|
licabangile, licabangē
|
alicabanganga
|
elingacabanganga
|
lingacabanganga
|
Class 6
|
acabangile, acabangē
|
acabangile, acabangē
|
ecabangile, ecabangē
|
awacabanganga
|
angacabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
Class 7
|
sicabangile, sicabangē
|
esicabangile, esicabangē
|
sicabangile, sicabangē
|
asicabanganga
|
esingacabanganga
|
singacabanganga
|
Class 8
|
zicabangile, zicabangē
|
ezicabangile, ezicabangē
|
zicabangile, zicabangē
|
azicabanganga
|
ezingacabanganga
|
zingacabanganga
|
Class 9
|
icabangile, icabangē
|
ecabangile, ecabangē
|
icabangile, icabangē
|
ayicabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
ingacabanganga
|
Class 10
|
zicabangile, zicabangē
|
ezicabangile, ezicabangē
|
zicabangile, zicabangē
|
azicabanganga
|
ezingacabanganga
|
zingacabanganga
|
Class 11
|
lucabangile, lucabangē
|
olucabangile, olucabangē
|
lucabangile, lucabangē
|
alucabanganga
|
olungacabanganga
|
lungacabanganga
|
Class 14
|
bucabangile, bucabangē
|
obucabangile, obucabangē
|
bucabangile, bucabangē
|
abucabanganga
|
obungacabanganga
|
bungacabanganga
|
Class 15
|
kucabangile, kucabangē
|
okucabangile, okucabangē
|
kucabangile, kucabangē
|
akucabanganga
|
okungacabanganga
|
kungacabanganga
|
Class 17
|
kucabangile, kucabangē
|
okucabangile, okucabangē
|
kucabangile, kucabangē
|
akucabanganga
|
okungacabanganga
|
kungacabanganga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngācabanga
|
engācabanga
|
ngācabanga
|
angicabanganga
|
engingacabanganga
|
ngingacabanganga
|
2nd singular
|
wācabanga
|
owācabanga
|
wācabanga
|
awucabanganga
|
ongacabanganga
|
ungacabanganga
|
1st plural
|
sācabanga
|
esācabanga
|
sācabanga
|
asicabanganga
|
esingacabanganga
|
singacabanganga
|
2nd plural
|
nācabanga
|
enācabanga
|
nācabanga
|
anicabanganga
|
eningacabanganga
|
ningacabanganga
|
Class 1
|
wācabanga
|
owācabanga
|
ācabanga
|
akacabanganga
|
ongacabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
Class 2
|
bācabanga
|
abācabanga
|
bācabanga
|
abacabanganga
|
abangacabanganga
|
bengacabanganga
|
Class 3
|
wācabanga
|
owācabanga
|
wācabanga
|
awucabanganga
|
ongacabanganga
|
ungacabanganga
|
Class 4
|
yācabanga
|
eyācabanga
|
yācabanga
|
ayicabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
ingacabanganga
|
Class 5
|
lācabanga
|
elācabanga
|
lācabanga
|
alicabanganga
|
elingacabanganga
|
lingacabanganga
|
Class 6
|
ācabanga
|
ācabanga
|
ācabanga
|
awacabanganga
|
angacabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
Class 7
|
sācabanga
|
esācabanga
|
sācabanga
|
asicabanganga
|
esingacabanganga
|
singacabanganga
|
Class 8
|
zācabanga
|
ezācabanga
|
zācabanga
|
azicabanganga
|
ezingacabanganga
|
zingacabanganga
|
Class 9
|
yācabanga
|
eyācabanga
|
yācabanga
|
ayicabanganga
|
engacabanganga
|
ingacabanganga
|
Class 10
|
zācabanga
|
ezācabanga
|
zācabanga
|
azicabanganga
|
ezingacabanganga
|
zingacabanganga
|
Class 11
|
lwācabanga
|
olwācabanga
|
lwācabanga
|
alucabanganga
|
olungacabanganga
|
lungacabanganga
|
Class 14
|
bācabanga
|
obācabanga
|
bācabanga
|
abucabanganga
|
obungacabanganga
|
bungacabanganga
|
Class 15
|
kwācabanga
|
okwācabanga
|
kwācabanga
|
akucabanganga
|
okungacabanganga
|
kungacabanganga
|
Class 17
|
kwācabanga
|
okwācabanga
|
kwācabanga
|
akucabanganga
|
okungacabanganga
|
kungacabanganga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingacabanga
|
—
|
ngingacabanga
|
ngingecabange
|
—
|
ngingecabange
|
2nd singular
|
ungacabanga
|
—
|
ungacabanga
|
ungecabange
|
—
|
ungecabange
|
1st plural
|
singacabanga
|
—
|
singacabanga
|
singecabange
|
—
|
singecabange
|
2nd plural
|
ningacabanga
|
—
|
ningacabanga
|
ningecabange
|
—
|
ningecabange
|
Class 1
|
angacabanga
|
—
|
engacabanga
|
angecabange
|
—
|
engecabange
|
Class 2
|
bangacabanga
|
—
|
bengacabanga
|
bangecabange
|
—
|
bengecabange
|
Class 3
|
ungacabanga
|
—
|
ungacabanga
|
ungecabange
|
—
|
ungecabange
|
Class 4
|
ingacabanga
|
—
|
ingacabanga
|
ingecabange
|
—
|
ingecabange
|
Class 5
|
lingacabanga
|
—
|
lingacabanga
|
lingecabange
|
—
|
lingecabange
|
Class 6
|
angacabanga
|
—
|
engacabanga
|
angecabange
|
—
|
engecabange
|
Class 7
|
singacabanga
|
—
|
singacabanga
|
singecabange
|
—
|
singecabange
|
Class 8
|
zingacabanga
|
—
|
zingacabanga
|
zingecabange
|
—
|
zingecabange
|
Class 9
|
ingacabanga
|
—
|
ingacabanga
|
ingecabange
|
—
|
ingecabange
|
Class 10
|
zingacabanga
|
—
|
zingacabanga
|
zingecabange
|
—
|
zingecabange
|
Class 11
|
lungacabanga
|
—
|
lungacabanga
|
lungecabange
|
—
|
lungecabange
|
Class 14
|
bungacabanga
|
—
|
bungacabanga
|
bungecabange
|
—
|
bungecabange
|
Class 15
|
kungacabanga
|
—
|
kungacabanga
|
kungecabange
|
—
|
kungecabange
|
Class 17
|
kungacabanga
|
—
|
kungacabanga
|
kungecabange
|
—
|
kungecabange
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizocabanga
|
engizocabanga
|
ngizocabanga
|
angizucabanga
|
engingezucabanga
|
ngingezucabanga
|
2nd singular
|
uzocabanga
|
ozocabanga
|
uzocabanga
|
awuzucabanga
|
ongezucabanga
|
ungezucabanga
|
1st plural
|
sizocabanga
|
esizocabanga
|
sizocabanga
|
asizucabanga
|
esingezucabanga
|
singezucabanga
|
2nd plural
|
nizocabanga
|
enizocabanga
|
nizocabanga
|
anizucabanga
|
eningezucabanga
|
ningezucabanga
|
Class 1
|
uzocabanga
|
ozocabanga
|
ezocabanga
|
akazucabanga
|
ongezucabanga
|
engezucabanga
|
Class 2
|
bazocabanga
|
abazocabanga
|
bezocabanga
|
abazucabanga
|
abangezucabanga
|
bengezucabanga
|
Class 3
|
uzocabanga
|
ozocabanga
|
uzocabanga
|
awuzucabanga
|
ongezucabanga
|
ungezucabanga
|
Class 4
|
izocabanga
|
ezocabanga
|
izocabanga
|
ayizucabanga
|
engezucabanga
|
ingezucabanga
|
Class 5
|
lizocabanga
|
elizocabanga
|
lizocabanga
|
alizucabanga
|
elingezucabanga
|
lingezucabanga
|
Class 6
|
azocabanga
|
azocabanga
|
ezocabanga
|
awazucabanga
|
angezucabanga
|
engezucabanga
|
Class 7
|
sizocabanga
|
esizocabanga
|
sizocabanga
|
asizucabanga
|
esingezucabanga
|
singezucabanga
|
Class 8
|
zizocabanga
|
ezizocabanga
|
zizocabanga
|
azizucabanga
|
ezingezucabanga
|
zingezucabanga
|
Class 9
|
izocabanga
|
ezocabanga
|
izocabanga
|
ayizucabanga
|
engezucabanga
|
ingezucabanga
|
Class 10
|
zizocabanga
|
ezizocabanga
|
zizocabanga
|
azizucabanga
|
ezingezucabanga
|
zingezucabanga
|
Class 11
|
luzocabanga
|
oluzocabanga
|
luzocabanga
|
aluzucabanga
|
olungezucabanga
|
lungezucabanga
|
Class 14
|
buzocabanga
|
obuzocabanga
|
buzocabanga
|
abuzucabanga
|
obungezucabanga
|
bungezucabanga
|
Class 15
|
kuzocabanga
|
okuzocabanga
|
kuzocabanga
|
akuzucabanga
|
okungezucabanga
|
kungezucabanga
|
Class 17
|
kuzocabanga
|
okuzocabanga
|
kuzocabanga
|
akuzucabanga
|
okungezucabanga
|
kungezucabanga
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyocabanga
|
engiyocabanga
|
ngiyocabanga
|
angiyucabanga
|
engingeyucabanga
|
ngingeyucabanga
|
2nd singular
|
uyocabanga
|
oyocabanga
|
uyocabanga
|
awuyucabanga
|
ongeyucabanga
|
ungeyucabanga
|
1st plural
|
siyocabanga
|
esiyocabanga
|
siyocabanga
|
asiyucabanga
|
esingeyucabanga
|
singeyucabanga
|
2nd plural
|
niyocabanga
|
eniyocabanga
|
niyocabanga
|
aniyucabanga
|
eningeyucabanga
|
ningeyucabanga
|
Class 1
|
uyocabanga
|
oyocabanga
|
eyocabanga
|
akayucabanga
|
ongeyucabanga
|
engeyucabanga
|
Class 2
|
bayocabanga
|
abayocabanga
|
beyocabanga
|
abayucabanga
|
abangeyucabanga
|
bengeyucabanga
|
Class 3
|
uyocabanga
|
oyocabanga
|
uyocabanga
|
awuyucabanga
|
ongeyucabanga
|
ungeyucabanga
|
Class 4
|
iyocabanga
|
eyocabanga
|
iyocabanga
|
ayiyucabanga
|
engeyucabanga
|
ingeyucabanga
|
Class 5
|
liyocabanga
|
eliyocabanga
|
liyocabanga
|
aliyucabanga
|
elingeyucabanga
|
lingeyucabanga
|
Class 6
|
ayocabanga
|
ayocabanga
|
eyocabanga
|
awayucabanga
|
angeyucabanga
|
engeyucabanga
|
Class 7
|
siyocabanga
|
esiyocabanga
|
siyocabanga
|
asiyucabanga
|
esingeyucabanga
|
singeyucabanga
|
Class 8
|
ziyocabanga
|
eziyocabanga
|
ziyocabanga
|
aziyucabanga
|
ezingeyucabanga
|
zingeyucabanga
|
Class 9
|
iyocabanga
|
eyocabanga
|
iyocabanga
|
ayiyucabanga
|
engeyucabanga
|
ingeyucabanga
|
Class 10
|
ziyocabanga
|
eziyocabanga
|
ziyocabanga
|
aziyucabanga
|
ezingeyucabanga
|
zingeyucabanga
|
Class 11
|
luyocabanga
|
oluyocabanga
|
luyocabanga
|
aluyucabanga
|
olungeyucabanga
|
lungeyucabanga
|
Class 14
|
buyocabanga
|
obuyocabanga
|
buyocabanga
|
abuyucabanga
|
obungeyucabanga
|
bungeyucabanga
|
Class 15
|
kuyocabanga
|
okuyocabanga
|
kuyocabanga
|
akuyucabanga
|
okungeyucabanga
|
kungeyucabanga
|
Class 17
|
kuyocabanga
|
okuyocabanga
|
kuyocabanga
|
akuyucabanga
|
okungeyucabanga
|
kungeyucabanga
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngicabange
|
ngingacabangi
|
2nd singular
|
ucabange
|
ungacabangi
|
1st plural
|
sicabange
|
singacabangi
|
2nd plural
|
nicabange
|
ningacabangi
|
Class 1
|
acabange
|
angacabangi
|
Class 2
|
bacabange
|
bangacabangi
|
Class 3
|
ucabange
|
ungacabangi
|
Class 4
|
icabange
|
ingacabangi
|
Class 5
|
licabange
|
lingacabangi
|
Class 6
|
acabange
|
angacabangi
|
Class 7
|
sicabange
|
singacabangi
|
Class 8
|
zicabange
|
zingacabangi
|
Class 9
|
icabange
|
ingacabangi
|
Class 10
|
zicabange
|
zingacabangi
|
Class 11
|
lucabange
|
lungacabangi
|
Class 14
|
bucabange
|
bungacabangi
|
Class 15
|
kucabange
|
kungacabangi
|
Class 17
|
kucabange
|
kungacabangi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngacabanga
|
ngangacabanga, angacabanga, angangacabanga
|
2nd singular
|
wacabanga
|
wangacabanga, awacabanga, awangacabanga
|
1st plural
|
sacabanga
|
sangacabanga, asacabanga, asangacabanga
|
2nd plural
|
nacabanga
|
nangacabanga, anacabanga, anangacabanga
|
Class 1
|
wacabanga
|
wangacabanga, akacabanga, akangacabanga
|
Class 2
|
bacabanga
|
bangacabanga, abacabanga, abangacabanga
|
Class 3
|
wacabanga
|
wangacabanga, awacabanga, awangacabanga
|
Class 4
|
yacabanga
|
yangacabanga, ayacabanga, ayangacabanga
|
Class 5
|
lacabanga
|
langacabanga, alacabanga, alangacabanga
|
Class 6
|
acabanga
|
angacabanga, awacabanga, awangacabanga
|
Class 7
|
sacabanga
|
sangacabanga, asacabanga, asangacabanga
|
Class 8
|
zacabanga
|
zangacabanga, azacabanga, azangacabanga
|
Class 9
|
yacabanga
|
yangacabanga, ayacabanga, ayangacabanga
|
Class 10
|
zacabanga
|
zangacabanga, azacabanga, azangacabanga
|
Class 11
|
lwacabanga
|
lwangacabanga, alwacabanga, alwangacabanga
|
Class 14
|
bacabanga
|
bangacabanga, abacabanga, abangacabanga
|
Class 15
|
kwacabanga
|
kwangacabanga, akwacabanga, akwangacabanga
|
Class 17
|
kwacabanga
|
kwangacabanga, akwacabanga, akwangacabanga
|