cyfoethogi
Welsh edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˌkəvɔɨ̯ˈθɔɡɪ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˌkəvɔi̯ˈθoːɡi/, /ˌkəvɔi̯ˈθɔɡi/
Verb edit
cyfoethogi (first-person singular present cyfoethogiaf)
- (intransitive) to become rich
- (transitive) to make rich, to enrich, to endow
- Meddai bod ei bywyd wedi ei gyfoethogi ers dysgu Cymraeg.
- She says her life has been enriched since learning Welsh.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | cyfoethogaf | cyfoethogi | cyfoethoga | cyfoethogwn | cyfoethogwch | cyfoethogant | cyfoethogir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
cyfoethogwn | cyfoethogit | cyfoethogai | cyfoethogem | cyfoethogech | cyfoethogent | cyfoethogid | |
| preterite | cyfoethogais | cyfoethogaist | cyfoethogodd | cyfoethogasom | cyfoethogasoch | cyfoethogasant | cyfoethogwyd | |
| pluperfect | cyfoethogaswn | cyfoethogasit | cyfoethogasai | cyfoethogasem | cyfoethogasech | cyfoethogasent | cyfoethogasid, cyfoethogesid | |
| present subjunctive | cyfoethogwyf | cyfoethogych | cyfoethogo | cyfoethogom | cyfoethogoch | cyfoethogont | cyfoethoger | |
| imperative | — | cyfoethoga | cyfoethoged | cyfoethogwn | cyfoethogwch | cyfoethogent | cyfoethoger | |
| verbal noun | cyfoethogi | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | cyfoethogedig cyfoethogadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | cyfoethoga i, cyfoethogaf i | cyfoethogi di | cyfoethogith o/e/hi, cyfoethogiff e/hi | cyfoethogwn ni | cyfoethogwch chi | cyfoethogan nhw |
| conditional | cyfoethogwn i, cyfoethogswn i | cyfoethoget ti, cyfoethogset ti | cyfoethogai fo/fe/hi, cyfoethogsai fo/fe/hi | cyfoethogen ni, cyfoethogsen ni | cyfoethogech chi, cyfoethogsech chi | cyfoethogen nhw, cyfoethogsen nhw |
| preterite | cyfoethogais i, cyfoethoges i | cyfoethogaist ti, cyfoethogest ti | cyfoethogodd o/e/hi | cyfoethogon ni | cyfoethogoch chi | cyfoethogon nhw |
| imperative | — | cyfoethoga | — | — | cyfoethogwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms edit
Mutation edit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cyfoethogi | gyfoethogi | nghyfoethogi | chyfoethogi |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyfoethogi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies