Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Late Latin dīrēctor.[1][2] Sense 1 and sense 2 are semantic loans from German Direktor and French directeur.[1][3][4]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /dɨˈrɛk.tɔr/
  • (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /dɨˈrɛk.tɔr/, /dɨˈrɛk.tor/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛktɔr
  • Syllabification: dy‧rek‧tor

Noun

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dyrektor m pers (female equivalent dyrektorka, related adjective dyrektorski, abbreviation dyr. or dyrekt.)

  1. director (person in charge of a directorate)
  2. director (person who manages the work of an institution or enterprise)
    Synonym: dyro
    1. principal (director of a school)
  3. (archaic) conductor (person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble)
    Synonym: dyrygent
  4. (obsolete) home teacher (teacher who comes to someone's house)
  5. (obsolete) rural teacher
  6. (obsolete) councilor (teacher who guides children, especially in moral development)
  7. (obsolete, Roman Catholicism) confessor (priest who hears confession and then gives absolution)
    Synonym: spowiednik
  8. (Middle Polish) royal council (one who advises the king or queen)

Declension

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Derived terms

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nouns

Descendants

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Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dyrektor is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1 time in scientific texts, 33 times in news, 29 times in essays, 24 times in fiction, and 54 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 141 times, making it the 424th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]

Noun

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dyrektor f (indeclinable)

  1. female equivalent of dyrektor (head, principal, headmaster)
    Synonym: dyrektorka
  2. female equivalent of dyrektor (director, supervisor, manager)
    Synonym: dyrektorka
  3. (archaic) female equivalent of dyrektor (conductor) (person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble)
    Synonym: dyrektorka

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dyrektor”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “dyrektor”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
  3. ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “dyrektor”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  4. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “dyrektor”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “dyrektor”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 97

Further reading

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