dyrektor
Polish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Late Latin dīrēctor.[1][2] Sense 1 and sense 2 are semantic loans from German Direktor and French directeur.[1][3][4]
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /dɨˈrɛk.tɔr/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /dɨˈrɛk.tɔr/, /dɨˈrɛk.tor/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɛktɔr
- Syllabification: dy‧rek‧tor
Noun
editdyrektor m pers (female equivalent dyrektorka, related adjective dyrektorski, abbreviation dyr. or dyrekt.)
- director (person in charge of a directorate)
- director (person who manages the work of an institution or enterprise)
- Synonym: dyro
- principal (director of a school)
- (archaic) conductor (person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble)
- Synonym: dyrygent
- (obsolete) home teacher (teacher who comes to someone's house)
- (obsolete) rural teacher
- (obsolete) councilor (teacher who guides children, especially in moral development)
- (obsolete, Roman Catholicism) confessor (priest who hears confession and then gives absolution)
- Synonym: spowiednik
- (Middle Polish) royal council (one who advises the king or queen)
Declension
editDeclension of dyrektor
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | dyrektor | dyrektorzy/dyrektorowie |
genitive | dyrektora | dyrektorów |
dative | dyrektorowi | dyrektorom |
accusative | dyrektora | dyrektorów |
instrumental | dyrektorem | dyrektorami |
locative | dyrektorze | dyrektorach |
vocative | dyrektorze | dyrektorzy/dyrektorowie |
Derived terms
editnouns
Descendants
editTrivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dyrektor is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1 time in scientific texts, 33 times in news, 29 times in essays, 24 times in fiction, and 54 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 141 times, making it the 424th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]
Noun
editdyrektor f (indeclinable)
- female equivalent of dyrektor (“head, principal, headmaster”)
- Synonym: dyrektorka
- female equivalent of dyrektor (“director, supervisor, manager”)
- Synonym: dyrektorka
- (archaic) female equivalent of dyrektor (“conductor”) (person who conducts an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble)
- Synonym: dyrektorka
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dyrektor”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “dyrektor”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “dyrektor”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “dyrektor”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “dyrektor”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 97
Further reading
edit- dyrektor in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- dyrektor in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “dyrektor”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “DYREKTOR”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.10.2019
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “dyrektor”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “dyrektor”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “dyrektor”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 621
Categories:
- Polish terms borrowed from Late Latin
- Polish learned borrowings from Late Latin
- Polish terms derived from Late Latin
- Polish semantic loans from German
- Polish terms derived from German
- Polish semantic loans from French
- Polish terms derived from French
- Polish 3-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛktɔr
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛktɔr/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish personal nouns
- Polish terms with archaic senses
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- pl:Roman Catholicism
- Middle Polish
- Polish indeclinable nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish female equivalent nouns
- pl:Male people
- pl:Occupations
- pl:Female people