The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Polish pronunciations in Wiktionary entries.
All voiced obstruents /b, d, ɡ, v, z, ʐ, ʑ, dʐ, dʑ/ are devoiced (so /d/ becomes /t/, etc.) at the ends of words and in clusters ending in any unvoiced obstruents /p, t, k, f, s, x, ʂ, ɕ, tʂ, tɕ/. The voiceless obstruents are voiced (/x/ becoming [ɣ], etc.) in clusters ending in any voiced obstruent except /v/, and /ʐ/ (when spelled with ⟨rz⟩), which are themselves devoiced in this case.
Consonants
|
---|
IPA |
Polish |
Example |
English approximation
|
---|
b
|
b
|
bardzo
|
bike
| ɕ
|
ś, s(i)[1] |
Jaś
|
she
| d
|
d
|
dawno
|
door
| d͡z[2] |
dz
|
dzban
|
beds
| d͡ʑ[2] |
dź, dz(i)[1] |
dziadek
|
jeep[3] | d͡ʐ [2] |
dż
|
Dżakarta
|
jug[3] | f
|
f
|
foka
|
feist
| ɡ
|
g
|
grać
|
girl
| ɣ
|
ch, h
|
niechby
|
(Spanish) amigo
| j
|
j, i[1] |
jak
|
yes
| k
|
k
|
krowa
|
scam
| l
|
l
|
lampa
|
lion
| m
|
m
|
morze
|
mile
| n
|
n
|
nad
|
Nile
| ɲ
|
ń, n(i)[1] |
nie
|
canyon
| ŋ
|
n
|
mango
|
long
| p
|
p
|
policja
|
spike
| r
|
r
|
różowy
|
(General American) atom
| s
|
s
|
smak
|
sign
| ʂ
|
sz
|
szybko
|
shore[3] | t
|
t
|
tak
|
stow
| t͡ɕ[2] |
ć, c(i)[1] |
cierpki
|
cheer[3] | t͡s[2] |
c
|
całkiem
|
cats
| t͡ʂ[2] |
cz
|
czy
|
child[3] | v
|
w
|
wartość
|
vile
| w
|
ł
|
ładny
|
way
| w̃
|
ą, ę[4] |
kęs
|
long
| x
|
ch, h
|
chleb
|
hello
| z
|
z
|
zebra
|
zebra
| ʑ
|
ź, z(i)[1] |
ziarno
|
vision, azure[3] | ʐ
|
ż, rz
|
rzadko
|
|
Other symbols used for Polish
|
---|
IPA |
Explanation
|
---|
ˈ
|
Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), usually the penultimate syllable of a word.
| ˌ
|
Secondary stress (placed before the stressed syllable).
| .
|
Syllable break.
|
|