eṭemmum

Akkadian

𒀩 𒄇 (ṣalam eṭemmim)

Etymology

From Sumerian 𒄇 (gidim, “ghost”).

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /eˈtˤem.mum/

Noun

eṭemmum m (plural eṭemmū) (from Old Assyrian/Old Babylonian on)

1. ghost, spirit (of a dead person)

Alternative forms

• eṭemmu (non-mimated)
• iṭemmum, iṭemmu
• eṭammum, eṭammu (Old Assyrian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒄇 (GIDIM) 𒈦𒌋 (GIDIM₂) 𒌜 (GIDIM₄, UDUG) (Old Babylonian) 𒆠𒁶 (KI.DIM₂) (Standard Babylonian) 𒄞 (GUD,GU₄) (Boghazkeui) 𒀭𒄇 (dGIDIM)	𒂊𒁴𒈬 (e-ṭem-mu, e-ṭim-mu) 𒂊𒁶𒈬 (e-ṭem₂-mu) (genitive) 𒂊𒋼𒅎𒈪𒅎 (e-ṭe₄-em-mi-im) (accusative/genitive plural) 𒂊𒁲𒅎𒈪 (e-ṭe-em-mi) (accusative/genitive plural) 𒂊𒋼𒅎𒈪 (e-te-em-mi) (accusative/genitive plural) 𒂊𒎗𒄭𒈨 (e-ṭe₂-mi₃)

Derived terms

• eṭemmūtu (“state of being a ghost”)

References

• “eṭemmu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[1], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
• Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “eṭemmu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, via the electronic Babylonian Library