excaver

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin excavāre.

Pronunciation

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Verb

excaver

1. to excavate

Conjugation

Conjugation of excaver (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	excaver
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	excavant /ɛk.ska.vɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		excavé /ɛk.ska.ve/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	excave /ɛk.skav/	excaves /ɛk.skav/	excave /ɛk.skav/	excavons /ɛk.ska.vɔ̃/	excavez /ɛk.ska.ve/	excavent /ɛk.skav/
	imperfect	excavais /ɛk.ska.vɛ/	excavais /ɛk.ska.vɛ/	excavait /ɛk.ska.vɛ/	excavions /ɛk.ska.vjɔ̃/	excaviez /ɛk.ska.vje/	excavaient /ɛk.ska.vɛ/
	past historic2	excavai /ɛk.ska.ve/	excavas /ɛk.ska.va/	excava /ɛk.ska.va/	excavâmes /ɛk.ska.vam/	excavâtes /ɛk.ska.vat/	excavèrent /ɛk.ska.vɛʁ/
	future	excaverai /ɛk.ska.vʁe/	excaveras /ɛk.ska.vʁa/	excavera /ɛk.ska.vʁa/	excaverons /ɛk.ska.vʁɔ̃/	excaverez /ɛk.ska.vʁe/	excaveront /ɛk.ska.vʁɔ̃/
	conditional	excaverais /ɛk.ska.vʁɛ/	excaverais /ɛk.ska.vʁɛ/	excaverait /ɛk.ska.vʁɛ/	excaverions /ɛk.ska.və.ʁjɔ̃/	excaveriez /ɛk.ska.və.ʁje/	excaveraient /ɛk.ska.vʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	excave /ɛk.skav/	excaves /ɛk.skav/	excave /ɛk.skav/	excavions /ɛk.ska.vjɔ̃/	excaviez /ɛk.ska.vje/	excavent /ɛk.skav/
	imperfect2	excavasse /ɛk.ska.vas/	excavasses /ɛk.ska.vas/	excavât /ɛk.ska.va/	excavassions /ɛk.ska.va.sjɔ̃/	excavassiez /ɛk.ska.va.sje/	excavassent /ɛk.ska.vas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	excave /ɛk.skav/	—	excavons /ɛk.ska.vɔ̃/	excavez /ɛk.ska.ve/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “excaver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Verb

excaver

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of excavō