See also: firian and fírián

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From the root of fír (true).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈɸʲiː.rʲiːa̯n]

Adjective

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fírían

  1. just, righteous
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55d11
      Amal du·berad nech hi ceist do Dauid: “Húare is móir sléb fírinne Dǽ, cid ara fodmai-siu, ⟨a⟩ Dauid, didiu a ndu imnedaib ⁊ frithoircnib fo·daimi? Air it fírían-⟨s⟩u.” Ícaid-som didiu anísin, a n‑as·mbeir iudicia Domini abisus multa .i. ataat mesai Dǽ nephchomtetarrachti amal abis ⁊ amal fudumain. Is ed in sin fod·era in n‑erígim, cid ara fodaim int aís fírían inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib.
      As though someone had put as a question to David: “Because God’s righteousness is as great as a mountain, why then, David, dost thou suffer what of afflictions and injuries thou sufferest? For thou art righteous.” He solves that then when he says “iudicia Domini abyssus multa”, i.e. there are judgments of God incomprehensible like an abyss and like a depth. That is what causes the complaint why the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why sinners are in prosperity.

Inflection

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o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative fírían fírían fírían
Vocative fíríain*
fírían**
Accusative fírían fíríain
Genitive fíríain fíríaine fíríain
Dative fírían fíríain fírían
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative fíríain fíríana
Vocative fíríanu
fíríana
Accusative fíríanu
fíríana
Genitive fírían
Dative fíríanaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Middle Irish: fírén

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
fírían ḟírían fírían
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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