Xhosa edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

-gqiba

  1. to complete
  2. to decide

Inflection edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb edit

-gqiba?

  1. (transitive) to fill (a hole), to cover over
  2. (transitive) to bury
  3. (transitive) to finish, to complete
  4. (transitive) to bribe

Inflection edit

Tone unknown
Infinitive ukugqiba
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukugqiba ukungagqibi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular gqiba -gqibe
Plural gqibani -gqibeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyagqiba, ngigqiba engigqibayo, engigqiba ngigqiba angigqibi engingagqibi ngingagqibi
2nd singular uyagqiba, ugqiba ogqibayo, ogqiba ugqiba awugqibi ongagqibi ungagqibi
1st plural siyagqiba, sigqiba esigqibayo, esigqiba sigqiba asigqibi esingagqibi singagqibi
2nd plural niyagqiba, nigqiba enigqibayo, enigqiba nigqiba anigqibi eningagqibi ningagqibi
Class 1 uyagqiba, ugqiba ogqibayo, ogqiba egqiba akagqibi ongagqibi engagqibi
Class 2 bayagqiba, bagqiba abagqibayo, abagqiba begqiba abagqibi abangagqibi bengagqibi
Class 3 uyagqiba, ugqiba ogqibayo, ogqiba ugqiba awugqibi ongagqibi ungagqibi
Class 4 iyagqiba, igqiba egqibayo, egqiba igqiba ayigqibi engagqibi ingagqibi
Class 5 liyagqiba, ligqiba eligqibayo, eligqiba ligqiba aligqibi elingagqibi lingagqibi
Class 6 ayagqiba, agqiba agqibayo, agqiba egqiba awagqibi angagqibi engagqibi
Class 7 siyagqiba, sigqiba esigqibayo, esigqiba sigqiba asigqibi esingagqibi singagqibi
Class 8 ziyagqiba, zigqiba ezigqibayo, ezigqiba zigqiba azigqibi ezingagqibi zingagqibi
Class 9 iyagqiba, igqiba egqibayo, egqiba igqiba ayigqibi engagqibi ingagqibi
Class 10 ziyagqiba, zigqiba ezigqibayo, ezigqiba zigqiba azigqibi ezingagqibi zingagqibi
Class 11 luyagqiba, lugqiba olugqibayo, olugqiba lugqiba alugqibi olungagqibi lungagqibi
Class 14 buyagqiba, bugqiba obugqibayo, obugqiba bugqiba abugqibi obungagqibi bungagqibi
Class 15 kuyagqiba, kugqiba okugqibayo, okugqiba kugqiba akugqibi okungagqibi kungagqibi
Class 17 kuyagqiba, kugqiba okugqibayo, okugqiba kugqiba akugqibi okungagqibi kungagqibi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngigqibile, ngigqibē engigqibile, engigqibē ngigqibile, ngigqibē angigqibanga engingagqibanga ngingagqibanga
2nd singular ugqibile, ugqibē ogqibile, ogqibē ugqibile, ugqibē awugqibanga ongagqibanga ungagqibanga
1st plural sigqibile, sigqibē esigqibile, esigqibē sigqibile, sigqibē asigqibanga esingagqibanga singagqibanga
2nd plural nigqibile, nigqibē enigqibile, enigqibē nigqibile, nigqibē anigqibanga eningagqibanga ningagqibanga
Class 1 ugqibile, ugqibē ogqibile, ogqibē egqibile, egqibē akagqibanga ongagqibanga engagqibanga
Class 2 bagqibile, bagqibē abagqibile, abagqibē begqibile, begqibē abagqibanga abangagqibanga bengagqibanga
Class 3 ugqibile, ugqibē ogqibile, ogqibē ugqibile, ugqibē awugqibanga ongagqibanga ungagqibanga
Class 4 igqibile, igqibē egqibile, egqibē igqibile, igqibē ayigqibanga engagqibanga ingagqibanga
Class 5 ligqibile, ligqibē eligqibile, eligqibē ligqibile, ligqibē aligqibanga elingagqibanga lingagqibanga
Class 6 agqibile, agqibē agqibile, agqibē egqibile, egqibē awagqibanga angagqibanga engagqibanga
Class 7 sigqibile, sigqibē esigqibile, esigqibē sigqibile, sigqibē asigqibanga esingagqibanga singagqibanga
Class 8 zigqibile, zigqibē ezigqibile, ezigqibē zigqibile, zigqibē azigqibanga ezingagqibanga zingagqibanga
Class 9 igqibile, igqibē egqibile, egqibē igqibile, igqibē ayigqibanga engagqibanga ingagqibanga
Class 10 zigqibile, zigqibē ezigqibile, ezigqibē zigqibile, zigqibē azigqibanga ezingagqibanga zingagqibanga
Class 11 lugqibile, lugqibē olugqibile, olugqibē lugqibile, lugqibē alugqibanga olungagqibanga lungagqibanga
Class 14 bugqibile, bugqibē obugqibile, obugqibē bugqibile, bugqibē abugqibanga obungagqibanga bungagqibanga
Class 15 kugqibile, kugqibē okugqibile, okugqibē kugqibile, kugqibē akugqibanga okungagqibanga kungagqibanga
Class 17 kugqibile, kugqibē okugqibile, okugqibē kugqibile, kugqibē akugqibanga okungagqibanga kungagqibanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāgqiba engāgqiba ngāgqiba angigqibanga engingagqibanga ngingagqibanga
2nd singular wāgqiba owāgqiba wāgqiba awugqibanga ongagqibanga ungagqibanga
1st plural sāgqiba esāgqiba sāgqiba asigqibanga esingagqibanga singagqibanga
2nd plural nāgqiba enāgqiba nāgqiba anigqibanga eningagqibanga ningagqibanga
Class 1 wāgqiba owāgqiba āgqiba akagqibanga ongagqibanga engagqibanga
Class 2 bāgqiba abāgqiba bāgqiba abagqibanga abangagqibanga bengagqibanga
Class 3 wāgqiba owāgqiba wāgqiba awugqibanga ongagqibanga ungagqibanga
Class 4 yāgqiba eyāgqiba yāgqiba ayigqibanga engagqibanga ingagqibanga
Class 5 lāgqiba elāgqiba lāgqiba aligqibanga elingagqibanga lingagqibanga
Class 6 āgqiba āgqiba āgqiba awagqibanga angagqibanga engagqibanga
Class 7 sāgqiba esāgqiba sāgqiba asigqibanga esingagqibanga singagqibanga
Class 8 zāgqiba ezāgqiba zāgqiba azigqibanga ezingagqibanga zingagqibanga
Class 9 yāgqiba eyāgqiba yāgqiba ayigqibanga engagqibanga ingagqibanga
Class 10 zāgqiba ezāgqiba zāgqiba azigqibanga ezingagqibanga zingagqibanga
Class 11 lwāgqiba olwāgqiba lwāgqiba alugqibanga olungagqibanga lungagqibanga
Class 14 bāgqiba obāgqiba bāgqiba abugqibanga obungagqibanga bungagqibanga
Class 15 kwāgqiba okwāgqiba kwāgqiba akugqibanga okungagqibanga kungagqibanga
Class 17 kwāgqiba okwāgqiba kwāgqiba akugqibanga okungagqibanga kungagqibanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingagqiba ngingagqiba ngingegqibe ngingegqibe
2nd singular ungagqiba ungagqiba ungegqibe ungegqibe
1st plural singagqiba singagqiba singegqibe singegqibe
2nd plural ningagqiba ningagqiba ningegqibe ningegqibe
Class 1 angagqiba engagqiba angegqibe engegqibe
Class 2 bangagqiba bengagqiba bangegqibe bengegqibe
Class 3 ungagqiba ungagqiba ungegqibe ungegqibe
Class 4 ingagqiba ingagqiba ingegqibe ingegqibe
Class 5 lingagqiba lingagqiba lingegqibe lingegqibe
Class 6 angagqiba engagqiba angegqibe engegqibe
Class 7 singagqiba singagqiba singegqibe singegqibe
Class 8 zingagqiba zingagqiba zingegqibe zingegqibe
Class 9 ingagqiba ingagqiba ingegqibe ingegqibe
Class 10 zingagqiba zingagqiba zingegqibe zingegqibe
Class 11 lungagqiba lungagqiba lungegqibe lungegqibe
Class 14 bungagqiba bungagqiba bungegqibe bungegqibe
Class 15 kungagqiba kungagqiba kungegqibe kungegqibe
Class 17 kungagqiba kungagqiba kungegqibe kungegqibe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizogqiba engizogqiba ngizogqiba angizugqiba engingezugqiba ngingezugqiba
2nd singular uzogqiba ozogqiba uzogqiba awuzugqiba ongezugqiba ungezugqiba
1st plural sizogqiba esizogqiba sizogqiba asizugqiba esingezugqiba singezugqiba
2nd plural nizogqiba enizogqiba nizogqiba anizugqiba eningezugqiba ningezugqiba
Class 1 uzogqiba ozogqiba ezogqiba akazugqiba ongezugqiba engezugqiba
Class 2 bazogqiba abazogqiba bezogqiba abazugqiba abangezugqiba bengezugqiba
Class 3 uzogqiba ozogqiba uzogqiba awuzugqiba ongezugqiba ungezugqiba
Class 4 izogqiba ezogqiba izogqiba ayizugqiba engezugqiba ingezugqiba
Class 5 lizogqiba elizogqiba lizogqiba alizugqiba elingezugqiba lingezugqiba
Class 6 azogqiba azogqiba ezogqiba awazugqiba angezugqiba engezugqiba
Class 7 sizogqiba esizogqiba sizogqiba asizugqiba esingezugqiba singezugqiba
Class 8 zizogqiba ezizogqiba zizogqiba azizugqiba ezingezugqiba zingezugqiba
Class 9 izogqiba ezogqiba izogqiba ayizugqiba engezugqiba ingezugqiba
Class 10 zizogqiba ezizogqiba zizogqiba azizugqiba ezingezugqiba zingezugqiba
Class 11 luzogqiba oluzogqiba luzogqiba aluzugqiba olungezugqiba lungezugqiba
Class 14 buzogqiba obuzogqiba buzogqiba abuzugqiba obungezugqiba bungezugqiba
Class 15 kuzogqiba okuzogqiba kuzogqiba akuzugqiba okungezugqiba kungezugqiba
Class 17 kuzogqiba okuzogqiba kuzogqiba akuzugqiba okungezugqiba kungezugqiba
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyogqiba engiyogqiba ngiyogqiba angiyugqiba engingeyugqiba ngingeyugqiba
2nd singular uyogqiba oyogqiba uyogqiba awuyugqiba ongeyugqiba ungeyugqiba
1st plural siyogqiba esiyogqiba siyogqiba asiyugqiba esingeyugqiba singeyugqiba
2nd plural niyogqiba eniyogqiba niyogqiba aniyugqiba eningeyugqiba ningeyugqiba
Class 1 uyogqiba oyogqiba eyogqiba akayugqiba ongeyugqiba engeyugqiba
Class 2 bayogqiba abayogqiba beyogqiba abayugqiba abangeyugqiba bengeyugqiba
Class 3 uyogqiba oyogqiba uyogqiba awuyugqiba ongeyugqiba ungeyugqiba
Class 4 iyogqiba eyogqiba iyogqiba ayiyugqiba engeyugqiba ingeyugqiba
Class 5 liyogqiba eliyogqiba liyogqiba aliyugqiba elingeyugqiba lingeyugqiba
Class 6 ayogqiba ayogqiba eyogqiba awayugqiba angeyugqiba engeyugqiba
Class 7 siyogqiba esiyogqiba siyogqiba asiyugqiba esingeyugqiba singeyugqiba
Class 8 ziyogqiba eziyogqiba ziyogqiba aziyugqiba ezingeyugqiba zingeyugqiba
Class 9 iyogqiba eyogqiba iyogqiba ayiyugqiba engeyugqiba ingeyugqiba
Class 10 ziyogqiba eziyogqiba ziyogqiba aziyugqiba ezingeyugqiba zingeyugqiba
Class 11 luyogqiba oluyogqiba luyogqiba aluyugqiba olungeyugqiba lungeyugqiba
Class 14 buyogqiba obuyogqiba buyogqiba abuyugqiba obungeyugqiba bungeyugqiba
Class 15 kuyogqiba okuyogqiba kuyogqiba akuyugqiba okungeyugqiba kungeyugqiba
Class 17 kuyogqiba okuyogqiba kuyogqiba akuyugqiba okungeyugqiba kungeyugqiba
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngigqibe ngingagqibi
2nd singular ugqibe ungagqibi
1st plural sigqibe singagqibi
2nd plural nigqibe ningagqibi
Class 1 agqibe angagqibi
Class 2 bagqibe bangagqibi
Class 3 ugqibe ungagqibi
Class 4 igqibe ingagqibi
Class 5 ligqibe lingagqibi
Class 6 agqibe angagqibi
Class 7 sigqibe singagqibi
Class 8 zigqibe zingagqibi
Class 9 igqibe ingagqibi
Class 10 zigqibe zingagqibi
Class 11 lugqibe lungagqibi
Class 14 bugqibe bungagqibi
Class 15 kugqibe kungagqibi
Class 17 kugqibe kungagqibi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngagqiba ngangagqiba, angagqiba, angangagqiba
2nd singular wagqiba wangagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba
1st plural sagqiba sangagqiba, asagqiba, asangagqiba
2nd plural nagqiba nangagqiba, anagqiba, anangagqiba
Class 1 wagqiba wangagqiba, akagqiba, akangagqiba
Class 2 bagqiba bangagqiba, abagqiba, abangagqiba
Class 3 wagqiba wangagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba
Class 4 yagqiba yangagqiba, ayagqiba, ayangagqiba
Class 5 lagqiba langagqiba, alagqiba, alangagqiba
Class 6 agqiba angagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba
Class 7 sagqiba sangagqiba, asagqiba, asangagqiba
Class 8 zagqiba zangagqiba, azagqiba, azangagqiba
Class 9 yagqiba yangagqiba, ayagqiba, ayangagqiba
Class 10 zagqiba zangagqiba, azagqiba, azangagqiba
Class 11 lwagqiba lwangagqiba, alwagqiba, alwangagqiba
Class 14 bagqiba bangagqiba, abagqiba, abangagqiba
Class 15 kwagqiba kwangagqiba, akwagqiba, akwangagqiba
Class 17 kwagqiba kwangagqiba, akwagqiba, akwangagqiba

References edit