Wiktionary

guqula

Xhosa edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb edit

-gúqula

  1. (transitive) to change
  2. (transitive) to translate

Inflection edit

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms edit

Zulu edit

Etymology edit

From the ideophone guqu.

Verb edit

-guqula

  1. (transitive) to change, to alter
  2. (transitive) to turn around, to turn over

Inflection edit

Tone L
Infinitive ukuguqula
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuguqula ukungaguquli
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular guqula -guqule
Plural guqulani -guquleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyaguqula, ngiguqula engiguqulayo, engiguqula ngiguqula angiguquli engingaguquli ngingaguquli
2nd singular uyaguqula, uguqula oguqulayo, oguqula uguqula awuguquli ongaguquli ungaguquli
1st plural siyaguqula, siguqula esiguqulayo, esiguqula siguqula asiguquli esingaguquli singaguquli
2nd plural niyaguqula, niguqula eniguqulayo, eniguqula niguqula aniguquli eningaguquli ningaguquli
Class 1 uyaguqula, uguqula oguqulayo, oguqula eguqula akaguquli ongaguquli engaguquli
Class 2 bayaguqula, baguqula abaguqulayo, abaguqula beguqula abaguquli abangaguquli bengaguquli
Class 3 uyaguqula, uguqula oguqulayo, oguqula uguqula awuguquli ongaguquli ungaguquli
Class 4 iyaguqula, iguqula eguqulayo, eguqula iguqula ayiguquli engaguquli ingaguquli
Class 5 liyaguqula, liguqula eliguqulayo, eliguqula liguqula aliguquli elingaguquli lingaguquli
Class 6 ayaguqula, aguqula aguqulayo, aguqula eguqula awaguquli angaguquli engaguquli
Class 7 siyaguqula, siguqula esiguqulayo, esiguqula siguqula asiguquli esingaguquli singaguquli
Class 8 ziyaguqula, ziguqula eziguqulayo, eziguqula ziguqula aziguquli ezingaguquli zingaguquli
Class 9 iyaguqula, iguqula eguqulayo, eguqula iguqula ayiguquli engaguquli ingaguquli
Class 10 ziyaguqula, ziguqula eziguqulayo, eziguqula ziguqula aziguquli ezingaguquli zingaguquli
Class 11 luyaguqula, luguqula oluguqulayo, oluguqula luguqula aluguquli olungaguquli lungaguquli
Class 14 buyaguqula, buguqula obuguqulayo, obuguqula buguqula abuguquli obungaguquli bungaguquli
Class 15 kuyaguqula, kuguqula okuguqulayo, okuguqula kuguqula akuguquli okungaguquli kungaguquli
Class 17 kuyaguqula, kuguqula okuguqulayo, okuguqula kuguqula akuguquli okungaguquli kungaguquli
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiguqulile, ngiguqulē engiguqulile, engiguqulē ngiguqulile, ngiguqulē angiguqulanga engingaguqulanga ngingaguqulanga
2nd singular uguqulile, uguqulē oguqulile, oguqulē uguqulile, uguqulē awuguqulanga ongaguqulanga ungaguqulanga
1st plural siguqulile, siguqulē esiguqulile, esiguqulē siguqulile, siguqulē asiguqulanga esingaguqulanga singaguqulanga
2nd plural niguqulile, niguqulē eniguqulile, eniguqulē niguqulile, niguqulē aniguqulanga eningaguqulanga ningaguqulanga
Class 1 uguqulile, uguqulē oguqulile, oguqulē eguqulile, eguqulē akaguqulanga ongaguqulanga engaguqulanga
Class 2 baguqulile, baguqulē abaguqulile, abaguqulē beguqulile, beguqulē abaguqulanga abangaguqulanga bengaguqulanga
Class 3 uguqulile, uguqulē oguqulile, oguqulē uguqulile, uguqulē awuguqulanga ongaguqulanga ungaguqulanga
Class 4 iguqulile, iguqulē eguqulile, eguqulē iguqulile, iguqulē ayiguqulanga engaguqulanga ingaguqulanga
Class 5 liguqulile, liguqulē eliguqulile, eliguqulē liguqulile, liguqulē aliguqulanga elingaguqulanga lingaguqulanga
Class 6 aguqulile, aguqulē aguqulile, aguqulē eguqulile, eguqulē awaguqulanga angaguqulanga engaguqulanga
Class 7 siguqulile, siguqulē esiguqulile, esiguqulē siguqulile, siguqulē asiguqulanga esingaguqulanga singaguqulanga
Class 8 ziguqulile, ziguqulē eziguqulile, eziguqulē ziguqulile, ziguqulē aziguqulanga ezingaguqulanga zingaguqulanga
Class 9 iguqulile, iguqulē eguqulile, eguqulē iguqulile, iguqulē ayiguqulanga engaguqulanga ingaguqulanga
Class 10 ziguqulile, ziguqulē eziguqulile, eziguqulē ziguqulile, ziguqulē aziguqulanga ezingaguqulanga zingaguqulanga
Class 11 luguqulile, luguqulē oluguqulile, oluguqulē luguqulile, luguqulē aluguqulanga olungaguqulanga lungaguqulanga
Class 14 buguqulile, buguqulē obuguqulile, obuguqulē buguqulile, buguqulē abuguqulanga obungaguqulanga bungaguqulanga
Class 15 kuguqulile, kuguqulē okuguqulile, okuguqulē kuguqulile, kuguqulē akuguqulanga okungaguqulanga kungaguqulanga
Class 17 kuguqulile, kuguqulē okuguqulile, okuguqulē kuguqulile, kuguqulē akuguqulanga okungaguqulanga kungaguqulanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāguqula engāguqula ngāguqula angiguqulanga engingaguqulanga ngingaguqulanga
2nd singular wāguqula owāguqula wāguqula awuguqulanga ongaguqulanga ungaguqulanga
1st plural sāguqula esāguqula sāguqula asiguqulanga esingaguqulanga singaguqulanga
2nd plural nāguqula enāguqula nāguqula aniguqulanga eningaguqulanga ningaguqulanga
Class 1 wāguqula owāguqula āguqula akaguqulanga ongaguqulanga engaguqulanga
Class 2 bāguqula abāguqula bāguqula abaguqulanga abangaguqulanga bengaguqulanga
Class 3 wāguqula owāguqula wāguqula awuguqulanga ongaguqulanga ungaguqulanga
Class 4 yāguqula eyāguqula yāguqula ayiguqulanga engaguqulanga ingaguqulanga
Class 5 lāguqula elāguqula lāguqula aliguqulanga elingaguqulanga lingaguqulanga
Class 6 āguqula āguqula āguqula awaguqulanga angaguqulanga engaguqulanga
Class 7 sāguqula esāguqula sāguqula asiguqulanga esingaguqulanga singaguqulanga
Class 8 zāguqula ezāguqula zāguqula aziguqulanga ezingaguqulanga zingaguqulanga
Class 9 yāguqula eyāguqula yāguqula ayiguqulanga engaguqulanga ingaguqulanga
Class 10 zāguqula ezāguqula zāguqula aziguqulanga ezingaguqulanga zingaguqulanga
Class 11 lwāguqula olwāguqula lwāguqula aluguqulanga olungaguqulanga lungaguqulanga
Class 14 bāguqula obāguqula bāguqula abuguqulanga obungaguqulanga bungaguqulanga
Class 15 kwāguqula okwāguqula kwāguqula akuguqulanga okungaguqulanga kungaguqulanga
Class 17 kwāguqula okwāguqula kwāguqula akuguqulanga okungaguqulanga kungaguqulanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingaguqula — ngingaguqula ngingeguqule — ngingeguqule
2nd singular ungaguqula — ungaguqula ungeguqule — ungeguqule
1st plural singaguqula — singaguqula singeguqule — singeguqule
2nd plural ningaguqula — ningaguqula ningeguqule — ningeguqule
Class 1 angaguqula — engaguqula angeguqule — engeguqule
Class 2 bangaguqula — bengaguqula bangeguqule — bengeguqule
Class 3 ungaguqula — ungaguqula ungeguqule — ungeguqule
Class 4 ingaguqula — ingaguqula ingeguqule — ingeguqule
Class 5 lingaguqula — lingaguqula lingeguqule — lingeguqule
Class 6 angaguqula — engaguqula angeguqule — engeguqule
Class 7 singaguqula — singaguqula singeguqule — singeguqule
Class 8 zingaguqula — zingaguqula zingeguqule — zingeguqule
Class 9 ingaguqula — ingaguqula ingeguqule — ingeguqule
Class 10 zingaguqula — zingaguqula zingeguqule — zingeguqule
Class 11 lungaguqula — lungaguqula lungeguqule — lungeguqule
Class 14 bungaguqula — bungaguqula bungeguqule — bungeguqule
Class 15 kungaguqula — kungaguqula kungeguqule — kungeguqule
Class 17 kungaguqula — kungaguqula kungeguqule — kungeguqule
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizoguqula engizoguqula ngizoguqula angizuguqula engingezuguqula ngingezuguqula
2nd singular uzoguqula ozoguqula uzoguqula awuzuguqula ongezuguqula ungezuguqula
1st plural sizoguqula esizoguqula sizoguqula asizuguqula esingezuguqula singezuguqula
2nd plural nizoguqula enizoguqula nizoguqula anizuguqula eningezuguqula ningezuguqula
Class 1 uzoguqula ozoguqula ezoguqula akazuguqula ongezuguqula engezuguqula
Class 2 bazoguqula abazoguqula bezoguqula abazuguqula abangezuguqula bengezuguqula
Class 3 uzoguqula ozoguqula uzoguqula awuzuguqula ongezuguqula ungezuguqula
Class 4 izoguqula ezoguqula izoguqula ayizuguqula engezuguqula ingezuguqula
Class 5 lizoguqula elizoguqula lizoguqula alizuguqula elingezuguqula lingezuguqula
Class 6 azoguqula azoguqula ezoguqula awazuguqula angezuguqula engezuguqula
Class 7 sizoguqula esizoguqula sizoguqula asizuguqula esingezuguqula singezuguqula
Class 8 zizoguqula ezizoguqula zizoguqula azizuguqula ezingezuguqula zingezuguqula
Class 9 izoguqula ezoguqula izoguqula ayizuguqula engezuguqula ingezuguqula
Class 10 zizoguqula ezizoguqula zizoguqula azizuguqula ezingezuguqula zingezuguqula
Class 11 luzoguqula oluzoguqula luzoguqula aluzuguqula olungezuguqula lungezuguqula
Class 14 buzoguqula obuzoguqula buzoguqula abuzuguqula obungezuguqula bungezuguqula
Class 15 kuzoguqula okuzoguqula kuzoguqula akuzuguqula okungezuguqula kungezuguqula
Class 17 kuzoguqula okuzoguqula kuzoguqula akuzuguqula okungezuguqula kungezuguqula
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyoguqula engiyoguqula ngiyoguqula angiyuguqula engingeyuguqula ngingeyuguqula
2nd singular uyoguqula oyoguqula uyoguqula awuyuguqula ongeyuguqula ungeyuguqula
1st plural siyoguqula esiyoguqula siyoguqula asiyuguqula esingeyuguqula singeyuguqula
2nd plural niyoguqula eniyoguqula niyoguqula aniyuguqula eningeyuguqula ningeyuguqula
Class 1 uyoguqula oyoguqula eyoguqula akayuguqula ongeyuguqula engeyuguqula
Class 2 bayoguqula abayoguqula beyoguqula abayuguqula abangeyuguqula bengeyuguqula
Class 3 uyoguqula oyoguqula uyoguqula awuyuguqula ongeyuguqula ungeyuguqula
Class 4 iyoguqula eyoguqula iyoguqula ayiyuguqula engeyuguqula ingeyuguqula
Class 5 liyoguqula eliyoguqula liyoguqula aliyuguqula elingeyuguqula lingeyuguqula
Class 6 ayoguqula ayoguqula eyoguqula awayuguqula angeyuguqula engeyuguqula
Class 7 siyoguqula esiyoguqula siyoguqula asiyuguqula esingeyuguqula singeyuguqula
Class 8 ziyoguqula eziyoguqula ziyoguqula aziyuguqula ezingeyuguqula zingeyuguqula
Class 9 iyoguqula eyoguqula iyoguqula ayiyuguqula engeyuguqula ingeyuguqula
Class 10 ziyoguqula eziyoguqula ziyoguqula aziyuguqula ezingeyuguqula zingeyuguqula
Class 11 luyoguqula oluyoguqula luyoguqula aluyuguqula olungeyuguqula lungeyuguqula
Class 14 buyoguqula obuyoguqula buyoguqula abuyuguqula obungeyuguqula bungeyuguqula
Class 15 kuyoguqula okuyoguqula kuyoguqula akuyuguqula okungeyuguqula kungeyuguqula
Class 17 kuyoguqula okuyoguqula kuyoguqula akuyuguqula okungeyuguqula kungeyuguqula
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngiguqule ngingaguquli
2nd singular uguqule ungaguquli
1st plural siguqule singaguquli
2nd plural niguqule ningaguquli
Class 1 aguqule angaguquli
Class 2 baguqule bangaguquli
Class 3 uguqule ungaguquli
Class 4 iguqule ingaguquli
Class 5 liguqule lingaguquli
Class 6 aguqule angaguquli
Class 7 siguqule singaguquli
Class 8 ziguqule zingaguquli
Class 9 iguqule ingaguquli
Class 10 ziguqule zingaguquli
Class 11 luguqule lungaguquli
Class 14 buguqule bungaguquli
Class 15 kuguqule kungaguquli
Class 17 kuguqule kungaguquli
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngaguqula ngangaguqula, angaguqula, angangaguqula
2nd singular waguqula wangaguqula, awaguqula, awangaguqula
1st plural saguqula sangaguqula, asaguqula, asangaguqula
2nd plural naguqula nangaguqula, anaguqula, anangaguqula
Class 1 waguqula wangaguqula, akaguqula, akangaguqula
Class 2 baguqula bangaguqula, abaguqula, abangaguqula
Class 3 waguqula wangaguqula, awaguqula, awangaguqula
Class 4 yaguqula yangaguqula, ayaguqula, ayangaguqula
Class 5 laguqula langaguqula, alaguqula, alangaguqula
Class 6 aguqula angaguqula, awaguqula, awangaguqula
Class 7 saguqula sangaguqula, asaguqula, asangaguqula
Class 8 zaguqula zangaguqula, azaguqula, azangaguqula
Class 9 yaguqula yangaguqula, ayaguqula, ayangaguqula
Class 10 zaguqula zangaguqula, azaguqula, azangaguqula
Class 11 lwaguqula lwangaguqula, alwaguqula, alwangaguqula
Class 14 baguqula bangaguqula, abaguqula, abangaguqula
Class 15 kwaguqula kwangaguqula, akwaguqula, akwangaguqula
Class 17 kwaguqula kwangaguqula, akwaguqula, akwangaguqula

Related terms edit

References edit

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