hafgysgu

Welsh

Malwod Theba pisana yn hafgysgu ar byst ffens yn Awstralia

Etymology

haf (“summer”) +‎ cysgu (“to sleep”)

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /havˈɡəsɡɨ̞/, [havˈɡəskɨ̞]
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /havˈɡəsɡi/, [havˈɡəski]

Verb

hafgysgu (first-person singular present hafgysgaf, not mutable)

1. aestivate

   Prin yw’r mamaliaid sy’n hafgysgu.

   There are few mammals that aestivate.

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	hafgysgaf	hafgysgi	hafgwsg, hafgysga	hafgysgwn	hafgysgwch	hafgysgant	hafgysgir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	hafgysgwn	hafgysgit	hafgysgai	hafgysgem	hafgysgech	hafgysgent	hafgysgid
preterite	hafgysgais	hafgysgaist	hafgysgodd	hafgysgasom	hafgysgasoch	hafgysgasant	hafgysgwyd
pluperfect	hafgysgaswn	hafgysgasit	hafgysgasai	hafgysgasem	hafgysgasech	hafgysgasent	hafgysgasid, hafgysgesid
present subjunctive	hafgysgwyf	hafgysgych	hafgysgo	hafgysgom	hafgysgoch	hafgysgont	hafgysger
imperative	—	hafgwsg, hafgysga	hafgysged	hafgysgwn	hafgysgwch	hafgysgent	hafgysger
verbal noun	hafgysgu
verbal adjectives	hafgysgedig hafgysgadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	hafgysga i, hafgysgaf i	hafgysgi di	hafgysgith o/e/hi, hafgysgiff e/hi	hafgysgwn ni	hafgysgwch chi	hafgysgan nhw
conditional	hafgysgwn i, hafgysgswn i	hafgysget ti, hafgysgset ti	hafgysgai fo/fe/hi, hafgysgsai fo/fe/hi	hafgysgen ni, hafgysgsen ni	hafgysgech chi, hafgysgsech chi	hafgysgen nhw, hafgysgsen nhw
preterite	hafgysgais i, hafgysges i	hafgysgaist ti, hafgysgest ti	hafgysgodd o/e/hi	hafgysgon ni	hafgysgoch chi	hafgysgon nhw
imperative	—	hafgysga	—	—	hafgysgwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Coordinate terms

• gaeafgysgu (“to hibernate”)

Related terms

• hafgwsg (“aestivation”)