hirundo

See also: Hirundo

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin hirundō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hiˈrundo]
• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -undo
• Hyphenation: hi‧run‧do

Noun

hirundo (accusative singular hirundon, plural hirundoj, accusative plural hirundojn)

1. swallow (bird)

   Hyponyms: hirundido (“young swallow”), hirundino (“female swallow”)

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto hirundo, Latin hirundō, French hirondelle, Italian irondine, Spanish golondrina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hiˈrun.do/

Noun

hirundo (plural hirundi)

1. swallow (bird)

Latin

Etymology

Possibly related to hirrio due to its sound, or related to harundo because of its forked tail. Compare Ancient Greek χελῑδών (khelīdṓn).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /hiˈrun.doː/, [hɪˈrʊn̪d̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /iˈrun.do/, [iˈrun̪d̪o]

Noun

hirundō f (genitive hirundinis); third declension

1. swallow (bird)
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.853–854:

     Fallimur, an vēris praenūntia venit hirundō
     nec metuit, nē quā versa recurrat hiems?

     Am I mistaken, or has the swallow come, the herald of spring,
     and does she not fear winter will turn and come again?

2. flying fish (sea-swallow)

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	hirundō	hirundinēs
Genitive	hirundinis	hirundinum
Dative	hirundinī	hirundinibus
Accusative	hirundinem	hirundinēs
Ablative	hirundine	hirundinibus
Vocative	hirundō	hirundinēs

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: alãndurã, lãndurã, rãndurã
  • Romanian: rândunea, rândunică
• Dalmatian:
  • rondaina
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: rondine, irondine
  • Sicilian: rìndina, rìnnina
• North-Italian:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Ligurian: rondanìnn-a, róndoa, rondana
    • Lombard: rondena, róndola, rondanena, rondanina
    • Piedmontese: ràndola, ròndola, róndola, róndora, randolina, rondorina, riondora, rondanina
  • Romansch: randulina, hirondella, irundeala
  • Venetian: róndena
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: aronde, arondelle
    • French: aronde
  • Norman: héthonde
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: oreneta, oroneta, oronella
  • Old Occitan: irunda, ironda, irondela
    • Occitan: ironda, randoleta
    • → French: hirondelle
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Leonese: *andorina
    • Asturian andarina, alandrina, andolina
    • Leonese andolina
    • Mirandese andorina
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: andorỹa, andorinna
    • Galician: anduriña, andoriña
    • Portuguese: andorinha
  • Old Spanish: golondrina
    • Spanish: golondrina, andorina
• Sardinian:
  • arrùndini
• Borrowings:
  • → Esperanto: hirundo

References

• “hirundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hirundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• hirundo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• hirundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.