khuluma

Tone H
Infinitive	ukukhuluma
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukukhuluma	ukungakhulumi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	khuluma	-khulume
Plural	khulumani	-khulumeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhuluma, ngikhuluma	engikhulumayo, engikhuluma	ngikhuluma	angikhulumi	engingakhulumi	ngingakhulumi
2nd singular	uyakhuluma, ukhuluma	okhulumayo, okhuluma	ukhuluma	awukhulumi	ongakhulumi	ungakhulumi
1st plural	siyakhuluma, sikhuluma	esikhulumayo, esikhuluma	sikhuluma	asikhulumi	esingakhulumi	singakhulumi
2nd plural	niyakhuluma, nikhuluma	enikhulumayo, enikhuluma	nikhuluma	anikhulumi	eningakhulumi	ningakhulumi
Class 1	uyakhuluma, ukhuluma	okhulumayo, okhuluma	ekhuluma	akakhulumi	ongakhulumi	engakhulumi
Class 2	bayakhuluma, bakhuluma	abakhulumayo, abakhuluma	bekhuluma	abakhulumi	abangakhulumi	bengakhulumi
Class 3	uyakhuluma, ukhuluma	okhulumayo, okhuluma	ukhuluma	awukhulumi	ongakhulumi	ungakhulumi
Class 4	iyakhuluma, ikhuluma	ekhulumayo, ekhuluma	ikhuluma	ayikhulumi	engakhulumi	ingakhulumi
Class 5	liyakhuluma, likhuluma	elikhulumayo, elikhuluma	likhuluma	alikhulumi	elingakhulumi	lingakhulumi
Class 6	ayakhuluma, akhuluma	akhulumayo, akhuluma	ekhuluma	awakhulumi	angakhulumi	engakhulumi
Class 7	siyakhuluma, sikhuluma	esikhulumayo, esikhuluma	sikhuluma	asikhulumi	esingakhulumi	singakhulumi
Class 8	ziyakhuluma, zikhuluma	ezikhulumayo, ezikhuluma	zikhuluma	azikhulumi	ezingakhulumi	zingakhulumi
Class 9	iyakhuluma, ikhuluma	ekhulumayo, ekhuluma	ikhuluma	ayikhulumi	engakhulumi	ingakhulumi
Class 10	ziyakhuluma, zikhuluma	ezikhulumayo, ezikhuluma	zikhuluma	azikhulumi	ezingakhulumi	zingakhulumi
Class 11	luyakhuluma, lukhuluma	olukhulumayo, olukhuluma	lukhuluma	alukhulumi	olungakhulumi	lungakhulumi
Class 14	buyakhuluma, bukhuluma	obukhulumayo, obukhuluma	bukhuluma	abukhulumi	obungakhulumi	bungakhulumi
Class 15	kuyakhuluma, kukhuluma	okukhulumayo, okukhuluma	kukhuluma	akukhulumi	okungakhulumi	kungakhulumi
Class 17	kuyakhuluma, kukhuluma	okukhulumayo, okukhuluma	kukhuluma	akukhulumi	okungakhulumi	kungakhulumi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngikhulumile, ngikhulumē	engikhulumile, engikhulumē	ngikhulumile, ngikhulumē	angikhulumanga	engingakhulumanga	ngingakhulumanga
2nd singular	ukhulumile, ukhulumē	okhulumile, okhulumē	ukhulumile, ukhulumē	awukhulumanga	ongakhulumanga	ungakhulumanga
1st plural	sikhulumile, sikhulumē	esikhulumile, esikhulumē	sikhulumile, sikhulumē	asikhulumanga	esingakhulumanga	singakhulumanga
2nd plural	nikhulumile, nikhulumē	enikhulumile, enikhulumē	nikhulumile, nikhulumē	anikhulumanga	eningakhulumanga	ningakhulumanga
Class 1	ukhulumile, ukhulumē	okhulumile, okhulumē	ekhulumile, ekhulumē	akakhulumanga	ongakhulumanga	engakhulumanga
Class 2	bakhulumile, bakhulumē	abakhulumile, abakhulumē	bekhulumile, bekhulumē	abakhulumanga	abangakhulumanga	bengakhulumanga
Class 3	ukhulumile, ukhulumē	okhulumile, okhulumē	ukhulumile, ukhulumē	awukhulumanga	ongakhulumanga	ungakhulumanga
Class 4	ikhulumile, ikhulumē	ekhulumile, ekhulumē	ikhulumile, ikhulumē	ayikhulumanga	engakhulumanga	ingakhulumanga
Class 5	likhulumile, likhulumē	elikhulumile, elikhulumē	likhulumile, likhulumē	alikhulumanga	elingakhulumanga	lingakhulumanga
Class 6	akhulumile, akhulumē	akhulumile, akhulumē	ekhulumile, ekhulumē	awakhulumanga	angakhulumanga	engakhulumanga
Class 7	sikhulumile, sikhulumē	esikhulumile, esikhulumē	sikhulumile, sikhulumē	asikhulumanga	esingakhulumanga	singakhulumanga
Class 8	zikhulumile, zikhulumē	ezikhulumile, ezikhulumē	zikhulumile, zikhulumē	azikhulumanga	ezingakhulumanga	zingakhulumanga
Class 9	ikhulumile, ikhulumē	ekhulumile, ekhulumē	ikhulumile, ikhulumē	ayikhulumanga	engakhulumanga	ingakhulumanga
Class 10	zikhulumile, zikhulumē	ezikhulumile, ezikhulumē	zikhulumile, zikhulumē	azikhulumanga	ezingakhulumanga	zingakhulumanga
Class 11	lukhulumile, lukhulumē	olukhulumile, olukhulumē	lukhulumile, lukhulumē	alukhulumanga	olungakhulumanga	lungakhulumanga
Class 14	bukhulumile, bukhulumē	obukhulumile, obukhulumē	bukhulumile, bukhulumē	abukhulumanga	obungakhulumanga	bungakhulumanga
Class 15	kukhulumile, kukhulumē	okukhulumile, okukhulumē	kukhulumile, kukhulumē	akukhulumanga	okungakhulumanga	kungakhulumanga
Class 17	kukhulumile, kukhulumē	okukhulumile, okukhulumē	kukhulumile, kukhulumē	akukhulumanga	okungakhulumanga	kungakhulumanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhuluma	engākhuluma	ngākhuluma	angikhulumanga	engingakhulumanga	ngingakhulumanga
2nd singular	wākhuluma	owākhuluma	wākhuluma	awukhulumanga	ongakhulumanga	ungakhulumanga
1st plural	sākhuluma	esākhuluma	sākhuluma	asikhulumanga	esingakhulumanga	singakhulumanga
2nd plural	nākhuluma	enākhuluma	nākhuluma	anikhulumanga	eningakhulumanga	ningakhulumanga
Class 1	wākhuluma	owākhuluma	ākhuluma	akakhulumanga	ongakhulumanga	engakhulumanga
Class 2	bākhuluma	abākhuluma	bākhuluma	abakhulumanga	abangakhulumanga	bengakhulumanga
Class 3	wākhuluma	owākhuluma	wākhuluma	awukhulumanga	ongakhulumanga	ungakhulumanga
Class 4	yākhuluma	eyākhuluma	yākhuluma	ayikhulumanga	engakhulumanga	ingakhulumanga
Class 5	lākhuluma	elākhuluma	lākhuluma	alikhulumanga	elingakhulumanga	lingakhulumanga
Class 6	ākhuluma	ākhuluma	ākhuluma	awakhulumanga	angakhulumanga	engakhulumanga
Class 7	sākhuluma	esākhuluma	sākhuluma	asikhulumanga	esingakhulumanga	singakhulumanga
Class 8	zākhuluma	ezākhuluma	zākhuluma	azikhulumanga	ezingakhulumanga	zingakhulumanga
Class 9	yākhuluma	eyākhuluma	yākhuluma	ayikhulumanga	engakhulumanga	ingakhulumanga
Class 10	zākhuluma	ezākhuluma	zākhuluma	azikhulumanga	ezingakhulumanga	zingakhulumanga
Class 11	lwākhuluma	olwākhuluma	lwākhuluma	alukhulumanga	olungakhulumanga	lungakhulumanga
Class 14	bākhuluma	obākhuluma	bākhuluma	abukhulumanga	obungakhulumanga	bungakhulumanga
Class 15	kwākhuluma	okwākhuluma	kwākhuluma	akukhulumanga	okungakhulumanga	kungakhulumanga
Class 17	kwākhuluma	okwākhuluma	kwākhuluma	akukhulumanga	okungakhulumanga	kungakhulumanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhuluma	—	ngingakhuluma	ngingekhulume	—	ngingekhulume
2nd singular	ungakhuluma	—	ungakhuluma	ungekhulume	—	ungekhulume
1st plural	singakhuluma	—	singakhuluma	singekhulume	—	singekhulume
2nd plural	ningakhuluma	—	ningakhuluma	ningekhulume	—	ningekhulume
Class 1	angakhuluma	—	engakhuluma	angekhulume	—	engekhulume
Class 2	bangakhuluma	—	bengakhuluma	bangekhulume	—	bengekhulume
Class 3	ungakhuluma	—	ungakhuluma	ungekhulume	—	ungekhulume
Class 4	ingakhuluma	—	ingakhuluma	ingekhulume	—	ingekhulume
Class 5	lingakhuluma	—	lingakhuluma	lingekhulume	—	lingekhulume
Class 6	angakhuluma	—	engakhuluma	angekhulume	—	engekhulume
Class 7	singakhuluma	—	singakhuluma	singekhulume	—	singekhulume
Class 8	zingakhuluma	—	zingakhuluma	zingekhulume	—	zingekhulume
Class 9	ingakhuluma	—	ingakhuluma	ingekhulume	—	ingekhulume
Class 10	zingakhuluma	—	zingakhuluma	zingekhulume	—	zingekhulume
Class 11	lungakhuluma	—	lungakhuluma	lungekhulume	—	lungekhulume
Class 14	bungakhuluma	—	bungakhuluma	bungekhulume	—	bungekhulume
Class 15	kungakhuluma	—	kungakhuluma	kungekhulume	—	kungekhulume
Class 17	kungakhuluma	—	kungakhuluma	kungekhulume	—	kungekhulume
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhuluma	engizokhuluma	ngizokhuluma	angizukhuluma	engingezukhuluma	ngingezukhuluma
2nd singular	uzokhuluma	ozokhuluma	uzokhuluma	awuzukhuluma	ongezukhuluma	ungezukhuluma
1st plural	sizokhuluma	esizokhuluma	sizokhuluma	asizukhuluma	esingezukhuluma	singezukhuluma
2nd plural	nizokhuluma	enizokhuluma	nizokhuluma	anizukhuluma	eningezukhuluma	ningezukhuluma
Class 1	uzokhuluma	ozokhuluma	ezokhuluma	akazukhuluma	ongezukhuluma	engezukhuluma
Class 2	bazokhuluma	abazokhuluma	bezokhuluma	abazukhuluma	abangezukhuluma	bengezukhuluma
Class 3	uzokhuluma	ozokhuluma	uzokhuluma	awuzukhuluma	ongezukhuluma	ungezukhuluma
Class 4	izokhuluma	ezokhuluma	izokhuluma	ayizukhuluma	engezukhuluma	ingezukhuluma
Class 5	lizokhuluma	elizokhuluma	lizokhuluma	alizukhuluma	elingezukhuluma	lingezukhuluma
Class 6	azokhuluma	azokhuluma	ezokhuluma	awazukhuluma	angezukhuluma	engezukhuluma
Class 7	sizokhuluma	esizokhuluma	sizokhuluma	asizukhuluma	esingezukhuluma	singezukhuluma
Class 8	zizokhuluma	ezizokhuluma	zizokhuluma	azizukhuluma	ezingezukhuluma	zingezukhuluma
Class 9	izokhuluma	ezokhuluma	izokhuluma	ayizukhuluma	engezukhuluma	ingezukhuluma
Class 10	zizokhuluma	ezizokhuluma	zizokhuluma	azizukhuluma	ezingezukhuluma	zingezukhuluma
Class 11	luzokhuluma	oluzokhuluma	luzokhuluma	aluzukhuluma	olungezukhuluma	lungezukhuluma
Class 14	buzokhuluma	obuzokhuluma	buzokhuluma	abuzukhuluma	obungezukhuluma	bungezukhuluma
Class 15	kuzokhuluma	okuzokhuluma	kuzokhuluma	akuzukhuluma	okungezukhuluma	kungezukhuluma
Class 17	kuzokhuluma	okuzokhuluma	kuzokhuluma	akuzukhuluma	okungezukhuluma	kungezukhuluma
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhuluma	engiyokhuluma	ngiyokhuluma	angiyukhuluma	engingeyukhuluma	ngingeyukhuluma
2nd singular	uyokhuluma	oyokhuluma	uyokhuluma	awuyukhuluma	ongeyukhuluma	ungeyukhuluma
1st plural	siyokhuluma	esiyokhuluma	siyokhuluma	asiyukhuluma	esingeyukhuluma	singeyukhuluma
2nd plural	niyokhuluma	eniyokhuluma	niyokhuluma	aniyukhuluma	eningeyukhuluma	ningeyukhuluma
Class 1	uyokhuluma	oyokhuluma	eyokhuluma	akayukhuluma	ongeyukhuluma	engeyukhuluma
Class 2	bayokhuluma	abayokhuluma	beyokhuluma	abayukhuluma	abangeyukhuluma	bengeyukhuluma
Class 3	uyokhuluma	oyokhuluma	uyokhuluma	awuyukhuluma	ongeyukhuluma	ungeyukhuluma
Class 4	iyokhuluma	eyokhuluma	iyokhuluma	ayiyukhuluma	engeyukhuluma	ingeyukhuluma
Class 5	liyokhuluma	eliyokhuluma	liyokhuluma	aliyukhuluma	elingeyukhuluma	lingeyukhuluma
Class 6	ayokhuluma	ayokhuluma	eyokhuluma	awayukhuluma	angeyukhuluma	engeyukhuluma
Class 7	siyokhuluma	esiyokhuluma	siyokhuluma	asiyukhuluma	esingeyukhuluma	singeyukhuluma
Class 8	ziyokhuluma	eziyokhuluma	ziyokhuluma	aziyukhuluma	ezingeyukhuluma	zingeyukhuluma
Class 9	iyokhuluma	eyokhuluma	iyokhuluma	ayiyukhuluma	engeyukhuluma	ingeyukhuluma
Class 10	ziyokhuluma	eziyokhuluma	ziyokhuluma	aziyukhuluma	ezingeyukhuluma	zingeyukhuluma
Class 11	luyokhuluma	oluyokhuluma	luyokhuluma	aluyukhuluma	olungeyukhuluma	lungeyukhuluma
Class 14	buyokhuluma	obuyokhuluma	buyokhuluma	abuyukhuluma	obungeyukhuluma	bungeyukhuluma
Class 15	kuyokhuluma	okuyokhuluma	kuyokhuluma	akuyukhuluma	okungeyukhuluma	kungeyukhuluma
Class 17	kuyokhuluma	okuyokhuluma	kuyokhuluma	akuyukhuluma	okungeyukhuluma	kungeyukhuluma
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngikhulume	ngingakhulumi
2nd singular	ukhulume	ungakhulumi
1st plural	sikhulume	singakhulumi
2nd plural	nikhulume	ningakhulumi
Class 1	akhulume	angakhulumi
Class 2	bakhulume	bangakhulumi
Class 3	ukhulume	ungakhulumi
Class 4	ikhulume	ingakhulumi
Class 5	likhulume	lingakhulumi
Class 6	akhulume	angakhulumi
Class 7	sikhulume	singakhulumi
Class 8	zikhulume	zingakhulumi
Class 9	ikhulume	ingakhulumi
Class 10	zikhulume	zingakhulumi
Class 11	lukhulume	lungakhulumi
Class 14	bukhulume	bungakhulumi
Class 15	kukhulume	kungakhulumi
Class 17	kukhulume	kungakhulumi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhuluma	ngangakhuluma, angakhuluma, angangakhuluma
2nd singular	wakhuluma	wangakhuluma, awakhuluma, awangakhuluma
1st plural	sakhuluma	sangakhuluma, asakhuluma, asangakhuluma
2nd plural	nakhuluma	nangakhuluma, anakhuluma, anangakhuluma
Class 1	wakhuluma	wangakhuluma, akakhuluma, akangakhuluma
Class 2	bakhuluma	bangakhuluma, abakhuluma, abangakhuluma
Class 3	wakhuluma	wangakhuluma, awakhuluma, awangakhuluma
Class 4	yakhuluma	yangakhuluma, ayakhuluma, ayangakhuluma
Class 5	lakhuluma	langakhuluma, alakhuluma, alangakhuluma
Class 6	akhuluma	angakhuluma, awakhuluma, awangakhuluma
Class 7	sakhuluma	sangakhuluma, asakhuluma, asangakhuluma
Class 8	zakhuluma	zangakhuluma, azakhuluma, azangakhuluma
Class 9	yakhuluma	yangakhuluma, ayakhuluma, ayangakhuluma
Class 10	zakhuluma	zangakhuluma, azakhuluma, azangakhuluma
Class 11	lwakhuluma	lwangakhuluma, alwakhuluma, alwangakhuluma
Class 14	bakhuluma	bangakhuluma, abakhuluma, abangakhuluma
Class 15	kwakhuluma	kwangakhuluma, akwakhuluma, akwangakhuluma
Class 17	kwakhuluma	kwangakhuluma, akwakhuluma, akwangakhuluma

References edit

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khuluma”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khuluma (3.2.9)”

Anagrams edit

khumula